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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the function of the large intestines?
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absorption of water
synthesis of vitamins (vit. K) movement and defecation |
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What is peristalsis?
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forward movement through GI tract
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What should be obtained in the nursing history for bowel elimination?
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usual pattern of bowel elimination
any aids used for elimination recent changes in stool problems w/ elimination presence of ostomy |
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What should you look for when inspecting the abdomen?
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general appearance
color, lesions, scars, striae, rashes contour and symmetry flat rounded or convex scaphoid or concave protuberant (highest point above umbilicus) distension movement |
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What should you hear when ausculating the abdomen?
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high pitched, gurgling and soft
occur 5-30 times/min if absent listen for at least 5 mins. |
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What does percussion of the abdomen do?
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helps to detect fluid, air and masses
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What does palpation of the abdomen do?
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detects areas of tenderness, muscle resistance and masses
gently depress abd. wall approximately 1 cm |
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How can you promote bowel habits?
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urge often 1 hr after meal
up to toilet or bsc elevate HOB if using bed pan do not disturb increase fiber and water shake your booty! |
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What is constipation?
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hard, dry stool caused by decrease GI motility
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What is fecal impaction? S/S?
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hardened feces accumulates in rectum
absence of stool for 3-5 days or longer followed by passage of liquid or semiliquid stool |
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What are the two types of cleansing enemas?
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small volume (150mL) and large volume (500-1000mL)
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How should you administer an enema?
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lying on left side w/ right leg flexed
lubercate tip well expose buttocks insert 3-4 inches direct toward umbilicus ask to take several deep breaths hold bucket 12-18 in above anus administer 1 L over 10 mins |
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What is diarrhea?
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passage of watery, unformed stool; usually frequent associated w/ increased GI motility
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What is fecal incontinence?
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involuntary elimination of bowel contents
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What is flatulence?
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excessive formation of gas in GI tract
results from excessive swallowing of air, bacterial activity in large intestines and ingestion of certain foods |
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What are hemorrhoids?
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enlarged or varicose veins in anal canal
can be internal or external |
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What is a stoma?
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formed by suturing intestinal mucosa to the skin
change w/ 1/3 of pouch is full |
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What is a ileostomy?
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liquid fecal content from ileum is eliminated
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What is colostomy?
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fecal material eliminated from colon; location determines the consistency
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