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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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fecal problems
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constipation,
fecal impaction, diarrhea, fecal incontinence, flatus, hemorrhoids |
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constipation
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symptom,
not a disease |
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fecal impaction
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results from unresolved constipation
symptom - continuous oozing of diarrhea stools |
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diarrhea
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loose stool
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color
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usually brown,
clay colored stools seen in gall bladder |
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consistency
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formed,
watery, hard |
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odor
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client can tell if it has changed
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shape
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shape of rectum
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blood
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abnormal
black - blood in upper GI bright red - lower GI |
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hemoccult
hematest |
test stool for occult blood
prior client should avoid steak, veal, salmon, it may cause false positive |
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implementation for bowel elimination
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promoting regular bowel movements (timing, positioning, provide for privacy),
nutrition, exercise (improves GI motility) |
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nursing examination
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abdomen
inspection - any distention auscultation - listen for bowel sounds palpation - note muscular resistance masses - "full of stool" |
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enemas
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instillation of solution into rectum & sigmoid colon
volume stretches rectal wall & initiates defecation reflex |
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purposes of enemas
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to promote defecation by stimulating peristalsis
temporary relief of constipation removing impacted feces emptying bowel before diagnostic procedures or surgery |
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types of enemas
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cleansing enemas,
emolient solutions, oil retention enemas harris flush medicated enemas |
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tap water (cleansing enema)
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hypotonic
water moves out of bowel & into interstitial spaces |
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normal saline (cleansing enema)
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safest due to same osmotic pressure
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hypertonic solutions (cleansing enema)
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water pulls fluid into bowel
give 4-6 oz Fleet enemas is most common |
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soap suds (cleansing enema)
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pure castile soap is safe
can be added to tap water or saline |
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emollient solutions
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increase amt of water secreted into bowel & softens feces
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oil retention enemas
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lubricates rectum & colon
& softens feces |
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Harris flush
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helps expel flatus
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medicated enemas
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Kayexalate - used for high potassium
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