Botany Lab Exam 2

Front 1

Bryophyta

Back 1

mosses

Front 2

Hepaticophyta

Back 2

liverworts

Front 3

Antheroceratophyta

Back 3

hornworts

Front 4

nonvascular plants

Back 4

lack vascular system, 3 phyla: mosses , liverworts, hornworts

Front 5

seedless vascular plants

Back 5

ferns, whisk ferns, horsetails, lycopods

Front 6

gymnosperms

Back 6

conifers, cycads, ginkgo, gnetophytes

Front 7

angiosperms

Back 7

phyla : anthophyta = two classes: dicot and monocots

Front 8

seedless vascular plants

Back 8

disperse as haploid spores

Front 9

nonvascular plants

Back 9

disperse as haploid spores

Front 10

gymnosperms

Back 10

naked seeds, not enclosed in a fruit

Front 11

Angiosperms

Back 11

seeds enclosed within a fruit derived from ovary

Front 12

angio-

Back 12

vessel/container for

Front 13

-phore

Back 13

carrier of

Front 14

-phyte

Back 14

plant

Front 15

gameto-

Back 15

gamete producing

Front 16

sporo-

Back 16

spore producing

Front 17

antheridium

Back 17

male gametangium

Front 18

archegonium

Back 18

female gametangium

Front 19

rhizoids

Back 19

anchor plants but do not absorb nutrients

Front 20

Bryophtya

Back 20

mosses, lack true tissues, have rhizoids, free water needed for swimming

-antheridium broad head

-archegonium with narrow head

Front 21

moss sporangium

Back 21

has capsule, seta, foot

Front 22

foot

Back 22

anchors the sporangium

Front 23

seta

Back 23

erect stalk

Front 24

capsule

Back 24

where the spores are produced

Front 25

operculum

Back 25

lid-like that falls off

Front 26

calyptra

Back 26

coat that falls off

Front 27

peristome teeth

Back 27

controls the release of spores, open when air is dry and close when air is wet

Front 28

protonema

Back 28

early gametophyte of moss, branch-like

Front 29

thallus

Back 29

flattened branching, not differeniated plant body

Front 30

hepaticophyta

Back 30

liverworts, thallus

Front 31

archegoniophores

Back 31

archegonia on underside

Front 32

antheridiophores

Back 32

antheridia on upper side

Front 33

gemmae

Back 33

a body that can separate to form a new organism, in liverworts

Front 34

gemmae cups

Back 34

are on thallus, cup-like structure

Front 35

anthocerotophyta

Back 35

hornworts, growth is indeterminate

Front 36

diploid

Back 36

pairs of homologous chromosomes

Front 37

heterosporous

Back 37

two different sizes and sexes of the plant that results with a seed

Front 38

strobilus

Back 38

cones

Front 39

seed

Back 39

great enhances survival and is a rugged dispersal package

consists of:

-embryo

-food

-seed coat

Front 40

embryo

Back 40

consists of future root, stem, leaves

Front 41

pollination droplet

Back 41

pulls pollen into pollen chamber

Front 42

monoecious

Back 42

separate male and female parts in different locations on the same plant

Front 43

Gymnosperms

Back 43

4 phyla: coniferophyta, Ginkgophyta, cycadophyta, gnetophyta

Front 44

coniferophyta

Back 44

pines, spruces, hemlocks, firs, larches....

Front 45

pollen grain

Back 45

generative cell

Front 46

male pollen cone scales

Back 46

microsporophylls

Front 47

female seed cone scales

Back 47

megasporophylls

Front 48

phyla of seedless vascular plants

Back 48

lycophyta, pteridophyta

Front 49

lycophyta

Back 49

clubmoss or ground pine

Front 50

dichotomous branching

Back 50

the branches keep branching

Front 51

microphyll leaves

Back 51

leaves with single strand of vascular tissue

Front 52

homosporous

Back 52

all spores alike

Front 53

megaphyll leaves

Back 53

more than one leave vein

Front 54

pteridophyta

Back 54

ferns

Front 55

fronds

Back 55

are on ferns, the leaves

Front 56

sori

Back 56

fern sporangia are located on fronds in clusters

Front 57

false indusium

Back 57

rolled edge of a frond

Front 58

indusium

Back 58

cup-like or umbrella-like out growth of frond

Front 59

prothallus

Back 59

fern gametophyte

Front 60

fiddleheads

Back 60

grow in the beginning as rolled up

Front 61

unimorphic

Back 61

photosynthetic and fertile with sori, only one form

Front 62

dimorphic

Back 62

this consists of two forms:

1.fertile and non-photosynthetic

2.photosynthetic and sterile

Front 63

ferns can be epiphytes

Back 63

or grow off of other plants

Front 64

Pteridophyta

Back 64

two classes, psilotopsida and sphenotopsida

Front 65

class psilotopsida

Back 65

whisk ferns, degenerate ferns, dichotomously branched vascular stems

Front 66

enation

Back 66

no vascular leaves

Front 67

sphenopsida

Back 67

horsetails, whorled phyllotaxy

Front 68

Anthophyta

Back 68

angiosperms

Front 69

major advances of angiosperms

Back 69

1. flowers for effecient pollination

2. fruits for enhanced seed dispersal

3. triploid endosperm

Front 70

pollination

Back 70

transfer of pollen from anther to stigma

Front 71

seed dispersal

Back 71

ovary become a fruit that protects seeds and aids in dispersal

Front 72

whorl of sepals

Back 72

calyx, usually green, leaf-like outermost part of flower bud`

Front 73

stamen

Back 73

contains anther, that has pollen, and filament which is the stalk

Front 74

carpel

Back 74

contains stigma, style, and ovary

Front 75

stigma

Back 75

pollen landing pad

Front 76

style

Back 76

hollow stalk to elevate stigma