Hummingbird Pollination

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Pollination syndromes in large flowered plants.
The land is more beautiful when it is that season of the year when flowers are scattered everywhere. Flowers are sunshine, food and medicine for the soul. A flower is sometimes called a bloom or blossom, it is the only reproductive structure found in flowering plants. Its biological function mostly it is to outcome reproduction through a mechanism of the amalgamation of sperm with eggs. They may go through what is called outcrossing and selfing. In addition to easing the reproduction of flowering plants, humans use flowers to decorate the surroundings, as items of romance, ritual, religion, medicine and as source of food.

Ralph Waldo Emerson once said “Flowers are a proud declaration that a ray of beauty out values all the …show more content…
2004. Phylogeny and diversification of the largest avian radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 101: 11040–11045.

Kay KM, Reeves PA, Olmstead RG, Schemske DW. 2005. Rapid speciation and the evolution of hummingbird pollination in neotropical Costus subgenus Costus (Costaceae): evidence from nrDNA ITS and ETS sequences. American Journal of Botany 92: 1899–1910.

Olesen J.M., Valido, A. ( 2003). Lizards as pollinators and seed dispersers: an island phenomenon. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 18(4): 177-181.

Sazima, M., Buzato, S., and Sazima, I. (1999).Bat- pollinated flower assemblages and Bat visitors at two Atlantic forest sites in Bra Academy of Sciences of the USA 103: 956–961.

Waser NM, Ollerton J, eds. 2006. Plant–pollinator interactions: from specialization to generalization. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago
Press.
Waser NM, Chittka L, Price MV, Williams NM, Ollerton J. 1996. Generalization in pollination systems, and why it matters. Ecology 77: 1043–1060.

Wasshausen DC. 1975. The genus Aphelandra (Acanthaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 18: 1–157.
Brazil. Annals of Botany,

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