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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Regular insulin (CZI)
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works in 30-60m
for 7h |
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insulin lispro
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onset 15-30m
for 3 hours |
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Insulin aspart
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onest 12m
for 1-3h |
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Insulin glulisine
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onset 20-25m
for 4-5h |
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Ultralente
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Very long acting insulin
large particles that dissolve slowly |
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Lente insulin
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onset 2-4h
peak 4-10h for 4-10h |
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Insulin glargine
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long acting insulin
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Insulin detemir
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no peak
works for 23h dang |
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Blocks glucose absorption in gut
↓ glucose output from liver ↑ glucose uptake by fat and mm CI IV contrast, EtOH, CHF, liver/renal failure |
METformin
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inhibits α-glucosidase inhibitor
GI tract X degrades carbs X absorption CI big ol' farts |
Acarbose
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Acarbose and Miglitol are the exact same
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just like two dirty pairs of underwear
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Sensitive skeletal mm and fat to insulin via ↑ receptors
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Glitazones
thiazlidinediones |
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All glitazones (MOA again?) have the potential to cause edema, wt gain, new onset heart failure, worsening CHF. All are hepatotoxic, monitor LFT
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x
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Do no use this insulin med with nitrates or insulin
FDA BBW ↑ risk for MI |
Rosiglitazone
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Increased insulin release from ß cells
Long term effect |
"glinides"
meglitinide, nateglinide, repaglinide |
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Promotes insulin release: binds ATP-dependent K+ channel, inhibits K+ conductance, cell becomes partially depolarized, ↑ intracellular Ca++
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Sulfonylureas
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Amylin analouge
Decreases gastric emptying Inhibit glucagon release Promotes satiety |
Pramlintide
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Released from GI cells after a meal, work to increase insulin release
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Incretins DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 analogues
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Incretin (GLP-1 analogue) SubQ
Decreases appetite CI renal failure, ↓ GI motility, pancreatitis |
Exenatide
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DPP-4 inhibitor, which degrades incretins
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Sitagliptan
Saxagliptan |
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Lipoprotein lipase deficiency/abnormal or defective apo-CII (VLDL and chylomicron interaction with LPL)
triglycerides and fatty acids can't be removed into adipocytes from the blood |
Type 1 - familial lipoprotein lipase def)
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Defect of LDL receptor
Decreased hepatic LDL uptake LDL/VLDL elevated AD, atherogenic |
Type IIA familial hypercholesterolemia
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Mutant apo B100
Decreased affinity of LDL to LDL receptor ↑ LDL/VLDL AD atherogenic |
Type IIB Familial HCemia
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Mutant apo E
↑ chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL and decreased HDL Chylomicrons, after triglycerides are removed by lipoprotein lipase, become cylomicrons remnants that bind to hepatocytes for removal via apo E and apo B48 |
Type III familial dysbetalipoproteinemia
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Overproduction of VLDL
Glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia |
Type 4 familial hypertriglyceridemia
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v
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