Boards Boot Camp Comprehensive Flashcards: Must-Know Clinical Anatomy Facts

Front 1

Dimpling of the breast skin

Back 1

Cancer has attached to the Cooper's ligaments

Front 2

Retracted or inverted nipple?

Back 2

Cancer has attached and shortened the lactiferous ducts

Front 3

Contents of the carpal tunnel

Back 3

median nerve
flexor pollicis longus tendon
flexor digitorum profundus tendon
Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon

Front 4

Actions:
Dorsal interossei
Palmar interossei
Lumbricals

Back 4

Abduct the fingers
Adduct fingers
Flex the MCP joints and extend the PIP and DIP

Front 5

Brachial plexus:
Arise C5-T1
Passes between anterior/middle sclalene mm
Contained in the axillary sheath along with axillary artery and vein

Back 5

x

Front 6

What happens to the clavicle in a fracture, besides breaking in two smart ass.

Back 6

Proximal portion displaced upward (SCM pull)
Distal portion downward (deltoid pull)

Front 7

Fracture of the clavicle may lead to:
Lower trunk (total claw "Klumpke's") brachial plexus injury
Fatal hemorrhage of the subclavian vein

Back 7

x

Front 8

Colle's fracture
vs
Colle's-like fracture (Smith's fracture)

Back 8

Radius fracture where distal fragment is displaced posteriorly
Samsies but the distal part goes anterior

Front 9

Fracture of the middle shaft of the humerus may result in..

Back 9

Radial nerve injury leading to wrist drop

Front 10

Fracture of the medial epicondyle results in...

Back 10

Damage to the ulnar nerve, leading to claw hand

Front 11

Supracondylar injury to the humerus results in..

Back 11

damage to the median nerve causing "Ape hand" loss of use of thumb

Front 12

Nerves of the leg:
Obturator - lumbar plexus L3-L4
Lumbar plexus - T12-L4
Femoral nerve - lumbar plexus L2-L4
Sacral plexus - L4-S3
Superior gluteal nerve - sacral plexus L4-S1
Inferior gluteal nerve - L5-S2
Sciatic nerve (tibial and common peronieal) - sacral plexus L4-S3

Back 12

x

Front 13

Femoral artery = continuation of the external illiac artery distal to the inguinal ligament

Back 13

x

Front 14

Deep femoral aa arises from the femoral aa within the femoral triangle

Back 14

x

Front 15

Ankle jerk reflex - tap tendon on calcaneus
Tests S1

Back 15

x

Front 16

Knee jerk reflex tests L4

Back 16

x

Front 17

Gluteal gait - waddling gait - falling of the pelvis to the unaffected side
d/t damage of the superior gluteal n which innervates the gluteus medius mm

Back 17

x

Front 18

Bleeding from the ear is a common finding in basilar skull fractures
+ Battle's sign - discoloration of the skin along the posterior auricular aa (mastoid area)

Back 18

x

Front 19

SCALP
skin
connective tissue
aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica of frontalis and occipitalis mm)
loose areolar connective tissue
periosteum

Back 19

x

Front 20

Periosteum connects to bone via Sharpey's fibers

Back 20

x

Front 21

Anterior 2/3 tongue = Facial nerve (Chorda tympani, CN VII)
Posterior 1/3 = Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Back 21

x

Front 22

Infections in the loose subaponneurotic layer spread widely via emissary veins (through the bones directly to the dura) and via siploic veins (between the skulls bony tables)

Back 22

x

Front 23

EtOH injections and TCAs are used to tx tic douloureux

Back 23

x

Front 24

HSV-1 can involve ALL branches of CN V

Back 24

x

Front 25

Internal and common carotid aa are contained in the carotid sheath
Internal jugular vein and Vagus nerve adheres to the thyroid sheath

Back 25

x

Front 26

Retropharyngeal space:
Lies between buccopharyngeal and pre-vertebral fascia
Ends superiorly at the skull
Ends inferiorly into the medistinum
Ends laterally at the carotid sheath

Back 26

x

Front 27

Carotid sinus:
Dilated area of the proximal internal carotid artery
Regulates arterial blood pressure
Innervated by vagus nerve

Back 27

x

Front 28

Carotid body:
at the bifurcation of the common carotid a
Chemoreception to CO2
Innervated by carotid sinus nerve, CN 9 and 10, sympathetics

Back 28

x

Front 29

Subvlavian steal syndrome:
Narrowing of subclavian near origin
Compensation to ↓ flow to arm = blood flows from the right vertebral a to the left vertebral a into the left subclavian a
-->less BF to the brain-->giddiness, syncope, left arm ischemia

Back 29

x

Front 30

Brachiocephalic trunk on the right side of thorax

Back 30

x

Front 31

Vertebral a is the first branch of the subclavian a

Back 31

x

Front 32

Damage to hypoglossal n:
tongue protrudes to the damaged side d/t lack of function of the geniglossus m

Back 32

x

Front 33

If food gets impacted in the LARYNGEAL INLET, the vagus n can be abruptly stimulated-->cardiac arrest

Back 33

x

Front 34

Swallowing opens the eusrachian tube via the salpingopharyngeus m and dilator tubae, which blends with the tensor veli palatini

Back 34

x

Front 35

Cisterna magna:
Site used to obtain CSF samples
Located between the cerebellum and medulla oblongata

Back 35

x

Front 36

Skull fracture = epidural hemorrhage

Back 36

x

Front 37

An epidural hemorrhage often causes third nerve palsy (as it runs through the superior orbital fissure) resulting in ipsilateral, dilated, fixed pupil d/t pressure on the nerve

Back 37

x

Front 38

In subarachnoid hemorrhage, blood in the subarachnoid space acts as an irritant to the meninges. sxs are stiff next, HA, LOC

Back 38

x

Front 39

A single lesion to the internal capsule can cause complete unilateral sensory and motor loss

Back 39

x

Front 40

Arteriosclerotic intracranial aneurysms occur in the vertebral-basilar or internal carotid-cerebral systems

Back 40

x