Blood Vessels: Hemodynamics

Front 1

T or F: Heart provides force that drives blood through blood vessels by creating pressure gradient.

Back 1

True

Front 2

Blood pressure

Back 2

outward force that blood exerts on walls of blood pressure.

Highest in large systemic arteries

Lowest in large systemic veins

Front 3

T or F: magnitude of blood pressure gradient is one main factor that determines blood flow (volume of blood that flows per minute)

Back 3

True.

Q=change in pressure÷ Resistance

Front 4

T or F: Blood flow is directly proportional to pressure gradient.

Back 4

True

Front 5

T or F: generally, blood flow matches cardiac output; averages about 5-6 liters/min

Back 5

True

Front 6

T or F: Blood flow is inversely proportional to resistance.

Back 6

True

Front 7

T or F: velocity with which blood flows is largely determined by cross-sectional area of blood vessel.

Back 7

True

Front 8

What are the three main factors that influence blood pressure?

Back 8

1. Resistance: radius, length, viscosity.

2.Cardiac Output

3.Blood volume

Front 9

T or F: peripheral resistance is directly proportional to blood pressure.

Back 9

True

Front 10

T or F: The longer the blood vessel, the greater the resistance.

More pressure is needed to propel blood through long vessel than short one.

One reason why resistancd in pulmonary circuit is so much lower thab in systemic circuit

Back 10

True

Front 11

Describe relationship between blood pressure, cardiac output and peripheral resistance.

Back 11

Cardiac output and peripheral resistancr are two factors that determine pressure gradient that drives circulation.

Front 12

T or F: Blood pressure is determined by volume of blood in circulation.

Back 12

Total volume of blood is directly linked to amount of water in blood.

When blood contains more water, blood volume increases.

As blood volume increases, blood pressure increases and vice versa.

Front 13

T or F: small increase in blood volume are offset by ability if vessels to stretch (compliance).

Back 13

True

Veins are most compliant vessels; stretch ti accommodate added fluid when blood volume increases, with only small rise in pressure.

Front 14

T or F: blood pressure remains low throughout pulmonary circuit;however, blood pressure changes significantly as blood travels through systemic circuit.

Back 14

Pulmonary circuit BP: 15mmHg

Systemic circuit BP: 95mmHg

Front 15

Mean arterial pressure (MAP)

Back 15

average pressure in systemic arteries during entire cardiac cycle; generally about 95mmHg.

Heart has both contraction and relaxation periods; so pressure gradient generated by heart pulsates; rises during ventricular systole and declines during ventricular diastole; leads to two separate pressures in arteries.

Front 16

Pulse pressure

Back 16

difference between systolic and diastolic pressures.

120-80=40mmHg.

Front 17

Mean arterial pressure formula

Back 17

Front 18

T or F: MAP must be constantly maintained around 95mmHg; any deviation from this set point triggers mechanisms from nervous, endorcine, and urinary systems that act to restore blood pressure to this level.

Back 18

True