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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Disseminated M. avium infection occurs in what % of AIDS pts?
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15-40%
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Rifabutin
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Derivative of rifamycin S
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Rifabutin MA and SE
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Similar to rifampin
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Rifabutin clinical use
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Only drug for prevention of M. avium infection in HIV+ individuals
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Name 2 Macrolides
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Clarithromycin Azithromycin
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3 other drugs used for M. avium infection
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Quinolones
Clofazimine Amikacin |
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What does WHO recommend for leprosy infection
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Mulitple drug therapy preferably Dapsone + Rifampin
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Most important drugs used for leprosy. There MOA.
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Dapsone and other Sulfones
MOA same as sulfonamides (inhibit folate syn)-bacteriostatic |
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PK of Dapsone
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Readily absorbed in GI and widely distributed
Excreted in bile and acetylated in the liver (same enzyme as INH) 70-80% excreted in urine (that means longer t1/2 in renal failure) |
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Adverse Rxns of Dapsone
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Hemolysis develops in almost every pt. taking over 200 mg/day, methemoglobinemia also common
GI intolerance, fever, pruritus, erythema nodosum leprosum |
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BR of Dapsone
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Frequently occurs
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Clofazimine
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Used to treat sulfone-resistant leprosy
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How long does it take for Clofazimine to work?
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Very long- sometimes takes 50 days
(That's a long time to have leprosy!) |
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PK of Clofazimine
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Absorption from GI tract excretion into bile and urine
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Adverse Rxns of Clofazimine
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GI intolerance
Red discoloration of the skin (eek!) |
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Amithiozone
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Used in pts intolerant of dapsone
Not available in U.S. |
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Thalidomide
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Yup, approved for treatment of leprosy. MANDATORY CONTRACEPTION IN FEMALE PATIENTS!
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