Biology:test 3

Front 1

acoelomate

Back 1

solid mesoderm

Front 2

anterior

Back 2

front

Front 3

archenteron

Back 3

blind pouch which becomes the gut

Front 4

blastopore

Back 4

indentation that during gastrulation leads to the formation of the archenteron

Front 5

body cavity of triploblastic

Back 5

-coelomate
-pseudocoelomate
-acoelomate

Front 6

ecdysozoan

Back 6

perform ecdysis

Front 7

ectoderm

Back 7

in some phyla it gives rise to the nervous system

Front 8

Ediacaran fauna

Back 8

Precambrian assemblage

Front 9

endoderm

Back 9

lining

Front 10

enterocoelous

Back 10

, a mesoderm is formed in a developing embryo, in which the coelom forms from pouches "pinched" off of the digestive tract

Front 11

eumetazoa

Back 11

is a clade of animals with true tissues

Front 12

gastrulation

Back 12

embryo's developing digestive tube initially forms as a blind pouch, a gut
*unique to animals

Front 13

germ layers

Back 13

ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm

Front 14

lophophore

Back 14

crown of ciliated tentacles that function in feeding

Front 15

parazoan

Back 15

only living one is sponges

Front 16

schizocoelous

Back 16

occurs when a coelom (body cavity) is formed by splitting the mesodermal embryonic tissue.
*typically protostomes

Front 17

Alimentary canal

Back 17

A complete digestive tract, runs from mouth to anus

Front 18

Ammonite

Back 18

group of shelled cephalopods that were important marine predators until their extinction in the Cretaceous period

Front 19

Amoebocyte

Back 19

found in cnidarians, digests food

Front 20

Arthropod

Back 20

segmented ecdysozoan with a hard exoskeleton and jointed appendages

Front 21

Book lung

Back 21

organ for gas exchange in spiders, consists of staked plates in an internal chamber

Front 22

Brachiopod

Back 22

marine lophophore with a shell divided in dorsal and ventral halves, aka lamp shell

Front 23

Chelicera

Back 23

feeding like appendages

Front 24

Cheliceriform

Back 24

an arthropod that has chelicera and a body divided into a cephalothorax and an abdomen

Front 25

Choanocyte

Back 25

flagellated feeding cell in sponges, aka collar cell

Front 26

Closed circulatory system

Back 26

blood is confined to vessels and is kept separate from the intestinal fluid

Front 27

copepod

Back 27

small group of crustaceans that are important members of plankton communities

Front 28

Crustacean

Back 28

subphylum to arthropods (lobsters, crayfish, crabs, barnacles, shrimps)

Front 29

Complete metamorphosis

Back 29

transformation of larva int adult, look and function very different (ex. butterflies)

Front 30

Cuticle

Back 30

1.exoskeleton of an arthropod made of layers of protein and chitin
2. tough coating of nematodes

Front 31

Decapod

Back 31

group of crustaceans that include crabs, lobsters, crayfish, and shrimps.

Front 32

Echinoderm

Back 32

slow moving/sessile marine deuterostome, water vascular system, as larva they have bilateral symmetry (sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins, feather stars, & sea cucumbers)

Front 33

Ectoproct

Back 33

sessile colonial lophophore, aka bryozoan

Front 34

Eurypterid

Back 34

an extinct carnivorous chelicerate, aka water scorpion

Front 35

Exoskeleton

Back 35

-hard encasement
- shell of a mollusc, cuticle of an arthropod
-provide protection, and points of attachment for muscles

Front 36

Foot

Back 36

-one of 3 major parts of a mollusc
-usually used for movement

Front 37

Gastrovascular cavity

Back 37

-central cavity with single opening
-cnidarians & flatworms
-function as both the digestion and distribution of nutrients

Front 38

Hermaphrodite

Back 38

individual that functions as both a male and female

Front 39

Hexapod

Back 39

an insect or closely related wingless six legged arthropod

Front 40

Incomplete metamorphosis

Back 40

-young resembles the adult but just smaller
-goes through molts
--ex. grasshoppers

Front 41

Invertebrate

Back 41

-animal w/o backbone
-make up 95% of animal species

Front 42

Isopod

Back 42

largest group of crustaceans
--marine, freshwater, and terrestrial
-ex. pill bugs & wood lice

Front 43

Mandible

Back 43

pair of jaw-like feeding appendages found in myriapods, hexapods and crustaceans

Front 44

Mantle

Back 44

-1 of 3 major parts of a mollusc
-fold of tissue that drapes over the viseral mass
-may secrete a shell

Front 45

Mantle cavity

Back 45

water filled chamber that houses the anus, gills, and excretory pores of a mollusc

Front 46

Mesohyl

Back 46

gelatinous fluid region between the two layers of a sponge

Front 47

Molting

Back 47

a process done by ecdysozoans

Front 48

Myriapod

Back 48

-terrestrial arthropod
-many body segments, 1-2 legs per segment
-millipedes and centipedes are the two major groups

Front 49

Nematocyst

Back 49

-in the cnidocyte of cnidarians
-capsule containing a thread like projection to capture prey

Front 50

Open circulatory system

Back 50

hemolymph bathes the tissues and organs directly (there's no distinction between the circulating fluid and interstitial fluid)

Front 51

Osculum

Back 51

lare opening of s sponge that connects the spongocoel to the environment

Front 52

Phoronid

Back 52

a phylum of marine animals that filter-feed with a lophophore and build upright tubes of chitin to support and protect their soft bodies

Front 53

Planarian

Back 53

free-living flatworm found in ponds and streams

Front 54

Spongocoel

Back 54

central cavity of a sponge

Front 55

Torsion

Back 55

-in gastropods
-viseral mass rotates 180 degrees
-anus &mantle cavity are by the head

Front 56

Trilobite

Back 56

well-known fossil group of extinct marine arthropods that form the class Trilobita

Front 57

Trochophore larva

Back 57

distinctive larva stage in lophophorozoa
-also seen in annelids & mollusc

Front 58

Tube foot

Back 58

-extension of an echinoderms water vascular system
-function for locomotion and feeding

Front 59

Visceral mass

Back 59

-1 of 3 major parts of a mollusc
-contain most of the internal organs

Front 60

Water vascular system

Back 60

hydraulic canals unique to echinoderms that branch off into tube feet