Unit 3

Front 1

What is matter

Back 1

matter is anything that has mass or volume.. everything is made of matter

Front 2

matter in relation to mass is...

Back 2

the amount of matter in an object

Front 3

matter in relation to volume is..

Back 3

the amount of spcae the object takes up

Front 4

elements

Back 4

simplest forms of matter, atleast 109 elements

Front 5

Living organisms are made of 6 elements

Back 5

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosporus, Nitrogen, Sulfur

Front 6

Atoms

Back 6

basic building block of matter, retains characteristics of element

Front 7

nucleus of an atom is made up of

Back 7

protons and neutrons

Front 8

protons have a ____ charge

Back 8

+ postitive

Front 9

neutrons have a _____ charge

Back 9

neutral/none

Front 10

electrons have a ______ charge

Back 10

-/njegative

Front 11

electrons are located...

Back 11

in electron cload/shells and it determines the activitiy of an atom

Front 12

isotope

Back 12

atom with odd number of neutrons then usual

Front 13

Ion

Back 13

a form of an element with an amount of electrons that differs from the original amount

Front 14

Chemical reactions

Back 14

making and breaking of chemical bonds

Front 15

a chemical bond holds....

Back 15

compounds and molecules together

Front 16

bonding is determined....

Back 16

electron activity

Front 17

chemical reactions involves

Back 17

changing of the properties of matter

Front 18

cheimcal reactions turn reactants into,....

Back 18

products

Front 19

Activation energy

Back 19

initial amount of energy needed to get a cheimcal reactiion started

Front 20

dehydration synthesis

Back 20

a chemical reaction when molecules combine by removing water

Front 21

Name 2 ways to recognize dehydration synthesis

Back 21

1. two or smaller molecusled combine to make a bigger molecule
2. water is always leftover

Front 22

Hydrolysis

Back 22

a chemical reaction is=n which molecules split with addition of water

Front 23

2 ways to recognize hydrolysis

Back 23

1. a larger molecule becomes 2 or more smaller molecutes
2. water is used to break the larger molecule

Front 24

ion

Back 24

an atom with a charge due to gain/loss of electrons

Front 25

ionic bonds

Back 25

"opposite attracts"
a strong attraction of a positively charged ion toward a negatively charged ion

Front 26

positivlely charged ion

Back 26

caTion

Front 27

negatively charged ion

Back 27

anion

Front 28

covalent bonds

Back 28

the sharing of electrons between atoms in a compound or molecule

Front 29

purpose of a covalent bond

Back 29

it requires to much energy to gain/loss electron, so instead share electron

Front 30

Polarity

Back 30

uneven distribution in a COVALENT BOND, resultin in partial charge at either end

Front 31

what causes polarity

Back 31

electrons not shared equally, so slight charge on ends

Front 32

hydrogen bond

Back 32

a weak attraction between polar molecules

Front 33

compound

Back 33

a substance that is formed when atoms of different elements combine chemcally
had different properties then original elements

Front 34

molecule

Back 34

a particle in which atoms are held together by a connection called a covalent bond.... covalent bonds occur when 2 or more atoms share electrons rather thean trading them

Front 35

isomers

Back 35

compounds with same molecular formulas but different structural arangment

Front 36

mixtures

Back 36

a combination of substances, in which individual components retain own properites. the substances do no form bonds, and can be seperated

Front 37

solution

Back 37

a mixture in which one ore more substances is distributed evenly in another

Front 38

suspension

Back 38

a mixture in which particles of material are temporarily mixed together

Front 39

colloid

Back 39

a mixture in which the particles are permanently suspended as a gel

Front 40

inorganic substances

Back 40

compounds withouth carbon and hydrogen together

Front 41

3 main inorganic substances

Back 41

water, acids/bases, salt

Front 42

Monomer

Back 42

a subunit that acts as a building block for larger molecules

Front 43

polymer

Back 43

a very large molecule consisting of repeated linked units

Front 44

Carbon

Back 44

an element that makes up a large portion of living things, most of the mass is made of carbon based compounds

Front 45

organic substances consist of

Back 45

compounds of carbon and hydrogen together

Front 46

4 types of organic substances

Back 46

carboyhydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Front 47

carbohydrates

Back 47

sugars and starches

Front 48

lipids

Back 48

fats, oils, wax

Front 49

proteins

Back 49

amino acids, enzymes

Front 50

nucleic acids

Back 50

RNA and DNA