Biology1

Front 1

Dna contains instructions for what

Back 1

Proteins

Front 2

What are chromosomes made up of

Back 2

DNA

Front 3

The backbone of DNA is made of three parts

Back 3

Sugar, Phosphate group, nitrogenous bases

Front 4

The shape of a DNA molecule is called

Back 4

Double helix

Front 5

What are the names of the four different bases found in DNA

Back 5

Adenine, guanine, cytosine, Thymine

Front 6

What are the names of the four different bases found in rna

Back 6

Adenine guanine cytosine and uracil

Front 7

Some bases have a one-ring structure these are referred as

Back 7

Pyrimidines

Front 8

Some bases have two ring structures these are referred to

Back 8

Purines

Front 9

Which nucleotides have a two ring structure

Back 9

Adenine and guanine

Front 10

Which nucleotides have a one ring structure

Back 10

Thymine and cytosine

Front 11

What kind of bonds are formed between the bases of DNA

Back 11

Hydrogen bonds

Front 12

What is the definition of DNA replication

Back 12

The process by which DNA serves as a template to guide reproduction copies of the other

Front 13

What is the enzyme that is responsible for DNA replication

Back 13

DNA polymerase

Front 14

What happens in transcription

Back 14

DNA information is transferred to RNA

Front 15

What is the enzyme involved in transcription

Back 15

RNA polymerase

Front 16

What are the three types of RNA called

Back 16

MRNA tRNA rRNA

Front 17

MRNA has information in three nucleotide sequence called

Back 17

Codons

Front 18

In translation RNA is coded for

Back 18

Amino acids

Front 19

Where does translation take place

Back 19

Ribosome

Front 20

What kind of bonds are formed between amino acids

Back 20

Peptide bond

Front 21

What molecules make up the backbone of a DNA molecule

Back 21

Sugar-phosphate

Front 22

What molecules make up the rungs of a DNA molecule

Back 22

Nitrogenous base molecules

Front 23

How are nucleotides join together

Back 23

By one covalent bonds between sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next

Front 24

In what process is DNA being copied

Back 24

DNA replication and occurs during the S phase of mitosis and meiosis

Front 25

What is the same between a DNA nucleotide and an RNA nucleotides

Back 25

Guanine adenine and cytosine

Front 26

What is different between a DNA nucleotide and an rna nucleotide

Back 26

DNA thymine RNA uracil

Front 27

RNA contains the sugar—-why DNA contains the sugar—-

Back 27

Ribose deoxyribose

Front 28

What was Watson’s and cricks conclusion on the structure of DNA

Back 28

DNA consist of 2 strands of alternating sugar and phosphate molecules that coiled into a double helix

Front 29

What does DNA polymerase do in the DNA replication process

Back 29

It catalyzes the formation of new strands from individual nucleotides by using parent strands as templates

Front 30

Semi conservative replication

Back 30

DNA synthesis yielding new double helices each consisting of one parental and one progeny strand

Front 31

How does the process of transcription different from the process of DNA replication

Back 31

Produces one single stranded molecule

RNA polymerase adds the RNA nucleotides one at a time

small part of the entire DNA molecule is a template for the RNA

Front 32

How does RNA polymerase know where to begin the transcription

Back 32

Specific start nucleotide

Front 33

Introns

Back 33

Nucleotide sequence that must be removed from the RNA as it moves into the cytoplasm

Front 34

Exons

Back 34

RNA in a molecule that remains in the RNA as it moves into the cytoplasm

Front 35

Genetic words

Back 35

Words written in a four nucleotide alphabet and is used by mRNA to code for the sequence of amino acids

Front 36

Codon

Back 36

Base triplets in mRNA

Front 37

Anti-codon

Back 37

Base triplet that is complementary to the mRNA codon

Front 38

Translation

Back 38

Transfer of the information from RNA to a protein

Front 39

Transscription

Back 39

Transfer of genetic information from DNA into an RNA molecule

Front 40

Phenotype

Back 40

Physical traits

Front 41

Genotype

Back 41

The sequence of nucleotide bases in its DNA

Front 42

Interactions between the TRNA and mRNA take place where

Back 42

Cytoplasm at the ribosome

Front 43

Translation proceeds in three stages what are they

Back 43

Initiation elongation and termination

Front 44

Initiation

Back 44

Attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter and the start of RNA synthesis

Front 45

Promoter

Back 45

Dictates which of the two DNA strands is to be transcribed

Front 46

Elongation

Back 46

RNA strand peels away from The DNA template allowing for the two separated DNA strands to come back together

Front 47

Termination

Back 47

polymerase molecule detaches from the RNA molecule and the gene in the DNA strands rejoin

Front 48

Mutation

Back 48

Permanent alteration in a DNA sequence

Front 49

Framshift mutation

Back 49

Genetic mutation that either inserts or deletes a series of nucleotides