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151 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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_______ is called the Darwin of 20th century. |
Ernst Mayr |
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Ernst Mayr was born at ________, Germany/England. |
Kempten, Germany |
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Ernst Mayr is known for |
Give the definition of biological species |
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Increase in ______ and ______ are twin characteristics of growth. |
Mass and number |
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Growth and reproduction are mutually exclusive in ____ |
Higher plants and animals |
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Living organism grow intrinsically/extrinsically. |
Intrinsically |
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Growth is a defining property of living organism. T/F |
False |
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Reproduction is a defining property of living organism. T/F |
False |
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In ______, true regeneration is seen |
Planaria |
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Fragmentation is seen in ____. ________. _______. |
Fungi, filamentous algae, protonema & mosses |
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In ________, growth is synonymous with reproduction. |
Unicellular organism |
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_______, ________ don't reproduce. |
Mules and sterile workers bees |
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Define Metabolism |
Sum total of all chemical reactions occurring in our body. |
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An isolated metabolic reaction outside the body, performed in a test tube is non living. T/F |
False |
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Metabolism is a defining feature of living organisms. T/F |
True |
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Isolated metabolic reactions are living reactions. T/F |
True |
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Isolated metabolic reactions are non living things. T/F |
True |
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Cellular organisation is a defining feature. T/F |
True |
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Tell all the defining features of living organisms. (3) |
Metabolism, consciousness, cellular organization |
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Most obvious and technically complicated feature on living organism is ______ (NEET) |
Consciousness |
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Photoperiod affects reproduction in animals. T/F |
True |
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Only organism which is aware of himself is _______ because it have _________. |
Human, self-consciousness |
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Properties of tissues are present in the constituent cells. T/F |
False |
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Properties of tissues arise due to – |
interactions among the molecular components comprising the organelle |
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Number of species known and described range between _____-_____ million/billion. (NEET) |
1.7-1.8 million |
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Agreed principles and criteria for plants are provided by ______ |
ICBN |
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Animals are named by ________ |
ICZN |
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Founder of Taxonomy is |
Aristotle |
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Carolus Linnaeus gave ________ |
Binomial Nomenclature |
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Biological names are generally in _____ and written in ______ |
Latin, italics |
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Specific epithet starts with a small letter. T/F |
T |
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Classification is based on some easily observable characters. T/F |
True (NCERT line P.g. No - 7) |
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What is a taxa ? |
Convenient categories used to study organisms |
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"Wheat", "Human", "animal", they all are taxa. T/F |
T |
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Basis of modern taxonomic studies are (5) |
External structure, internal structure, cell structure, developmental process and ecological information of organism |
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The process of classification is called ________ |
taxonomy |
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4 processes which are basic to taxonomy are – |
Characterisation, Identification, Classification and Nomenclature (CICN) |
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Earlier classification were on the basis of ______ |
Uses of organism |
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'systema' means systematic arrangement of organism. T/F |
T |
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Linnaeus title of publication was |
Systema Naturae |
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Systematics take into account evolutionary relationships between the organisms. T/F |
T |
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The taxonomic groups are distinct biological entities and not merely morphological aggregates. T/F |
T |
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Name the taxonomic categories from highest to lowest. |
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (Mnemonic - Kind People Can Often Find Great Sex) |
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Solanum genus include which three species? |
Nigrum, melongena, tuberosum |
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Panthera include which 3 species? |
Leo, tigris, pardus |
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Potato scientific name |
Solanum tuberosum |
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Brinjal scientific name |
Solanum melongena |
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Makoi scientific name |
Solanum nigrum |
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Felis genus include? |
Cats |
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Families are characterized on the basis of _________ and _________ features of plant species. |
Vegetative and reproductive |
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Family Solanaceae contains genera (3) |
Solanum, Petunia, Datura |
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Family of leopard is |
Felidae |
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Felidae contains genus ____ and _____ |
Panthera and Felis |
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Suffix of family is ______ in plants and ______ in animals |
-aceae, -dae |
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Suffix of order is _______ in plants. |
-ales |
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Order polymoniales contains family ________ and _________ based on ______ characters. |
Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae, floral |
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Carnivora is a order. T/F It include family _______ and _______ |
T Felidae and canidae |
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Mammalia contains order ________ and ________ |
Primata and Carnivora |
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As we go lower in taxa, number of common characteristics increase. T/F |
T |
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Family and order of housefly? (NEET) |
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Genus, family and order of wheat? |
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Family and order of humans? (NEET) |
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Family and order of mango? (NEET) |
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Definition of Herbarium? |
Herbarium is a store house of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets. |
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_______ is serve as a quick referral system in taxonomic studies. |
Herbarium |
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Herbarium sheet carry label providing info about 7 things. Name them. |
date and place of collection, English, local and botanical names, family, collector's name |
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What are botanical gardens? |
They have collection of living plants and animals for reference |
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Each plant label indicate its _______ name and ______ |
Scientific , family |
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Kew is located in _______ |
England |
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Name three famous botanical garden and where they are situated. |
Kew (England), Indian Botanical Garden, Howrah (India) and National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow (India) |
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In museum, insects are preserved after _______, ________ and ________ |
Collecting, killing and pinning |
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How are larger animals preserved? |
Stuffing |
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Museums have collection of skeleton of animals too. T/F (NEET) |
T |
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Zoological parks help us to learn about animal ______ and ______ |
Food habitats and behaviour |
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Key is used to identify plant only. T/F |
F |
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Keys are ________ in nature. |
Analytical |
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_________ contains the actual account of habitat and distribution of plants of a given area. |
Flora |
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Manuals are useful for – |
Book having listing and description of plant in a particular area |
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Monographs contain |
Info about any one taxon |
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What is Catalogue ? |
Alphabetical arrangement of species |
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______ was the earliest to attempt a scientific basis of classification. |
Aristotle |
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Aristotle classified plants into _____,_____ and______ |
Trees, shrubs and herbs |
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He divided animals into ____ no of groups, one with ______ and one those did not. |
Had red blood and those that did not |
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Monera cell wall is made up of _______ and ________ |
Polysaccharide + amino acid |
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All protists don't contain a cell wall. T/F |
T |
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Loose tissue body of organisation is present in _______ |
Fungi |
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Monerans cannot be saprophytic. T/F |
F |
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Holozoic mode of nutrition is present in _______ kingdom, |
Animal |
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The Animalia kingdom contains saprophytic animals. T/F |
T |
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Whittaker gave 5 kingdom classification in ______ year. |
1969 |
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Criterias used by Whittaker for classification was. (5) (NEET) |
cell structure, body organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships |
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Earlier Chlamydomonas and Spirogyra were placed together under _______. |
Algae |
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4 categories based on shape - |
Cocci, bacillus, vibrium, spirillum |
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Bacterial structure is very complex, yet they are very simple in behavior. T/F |
F |
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The ________ shows the most extensive metabolic diversity. (NEET) |
Bacteria as a group |
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Vast majority of bacteria are autotrophs. T/F |
F |
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_________ bacteria live in some of the most harsh habitats. |
Archaebacteria |
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Name the 3 divisions of archaebacteria and their habitat. (NEET) |
extreme salty areas (halophiles), hot springs (thermoacidophiles) and marshy areas (methanogens) |
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Archaebacteria differs from others by having _________. (NEET) |
Different cell wall structure, branched chain lipids (phytanyl side chains) |
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The reason for the survival of archaebacteria in extreme conditions is ? |
Same as 22 and also absence of peptidoglycan |
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_______ are present in the gut of ruminants. (NEET) |
Methanogens |
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Methanogens are chemoautotrophs/chemoheterotrophs. |
Chemoautotrophs |
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Eubacteria have rigid cell wall. T/F |
T |
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Eubacteria, if motile, contains cilia. T/F |
F |
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Cyanobacteria is also called ________ have ______ type of chlorophyll. |
Blue green algae, chl a |
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Cyanobacteria can't be filamentous. T/F (NEET) |
F |
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Cyanobacteria can be colonial. T/F |
T |
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The colonies of cyanobacteria are surrounded by ________ |
Gelatinous sheath |
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They form ______ in polluted water. |
Blooms |
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Some can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialised cells called _________ |
Heterocysts |
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Ex of bacteria containing heterocyst are (2) (NEET) |
Anabaena, Nostoc |
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____________ bacteria oxidise various inorganic substances |
Chemosynthetic autotrophs, nitrates, nitrites and ammonia |
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___________ play a great role in recycling of nutrients like (4) |
Chemosynthetic autotrophs, N,P,Fe,S |
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____________ bacteria are most abundant in nature. (NEET) |
Heterotrophic |
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Nostoc is a filamentous/unicellular cyanobacteria. (NEET) |
Filamentous |
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_________ are helpful in making curd from milk, production of antibiotics. (NEET) |
Heterotrophic bacteria |
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Heterotrophic bacteria help in fixation of nitrogen in roots. T/F |
T |
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Name the 4 well known diseases caused by bacteria and their causative agent. (NEET) |
Cholera (Vibrio cholerae), typhoid (Salmonellatyphi), tetanus (Clostridium tetani), citrus canker(Xanthomonas citri) |
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Bacteria produce spores in favorable conditions. T/F |
F |
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In bacteria, a primitive type of sexual reproduction is also present. T/F |
T |
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3 ways through which bacteria reproduce - |
Fission, spore formation, sexual reproduction |
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3 ways through which bacteria do sexual reproduction - |
Transformation, Conjugation, Transduction |
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_________ completely lack cell wall. (NEET) |
Mycoplasma |
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Mycoplasma cannot survive without oxygen. T/F (NEET) |
F |
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__________ are the smallest living organism. (NEET) |
Mycoplasma |
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Mycoplasma are never pathogenic. T/F (NEET) |
F |
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All ________ are placed under Protista. (NEET) |
Single celled eukaryotes |
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Groups under protista are (5) |
Chrysophytes, Dinoflagellates, Euglenoids, Slime moulds and Protozoans |
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Members of protists are primarily _______ |
Aquatic |
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Kingdoms protista forms a link with other kingdoms. T/F |
T |
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Crysophytes group include ______ and _______ (NEET) They are found only in marine water . T/F They are microscopic and are planktons. T/F (NEET) |
Diatoms and Golden algae(desmids) F, fresh water also T |
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What are planktons ? Most of them are _________. |
Those who float passively in water current. Photosynthetic |
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The cell wall form two thick/thin overlapping shells, which fit together as in a _______ (NEET) |
Diatoms |
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The walls are embedded with _____ and thus the walls are destructible/indestructible. (NEET) |
Silica, indestructible |
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What is diatomaceous earth ? (NEET) |
Cell wall deposits of diatoms |
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Diatomaceous earth is used in (3). |
Polishing, filtration of oils and syrups |
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_______ are chief producers of oceans. (NEET) |
Diatoms |
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DINOFLAGELLATES are mostly marine/free water and ________.
They appear of 5 colour - (Rang birange :))
The cell wall has ___________ in the outer surface.
They have 2 cilla. T/F
Both the flagella are perpendicular to each other. T/F |
Marine, photosynthetic
Yellow, green, brown, blue, red
Stiff cellulosic plated
F
T |
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Red dinoflagellates ex (1) |
Gonyaulax |
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Red tides occur due to |
Rapid multiplication of red dinoflagellates |
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Red tides are good for marine fishes. T/F |
F, they kill them |
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EUGLENOIDS Majority of them are marine/fresh water. Are found in stagnant water T/F. Instead of cell wall, they have ______ which is rich in _______ |
Fresh
T
Pellicle, protein |
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Euglenoids have a flexible body. T/F |
T |
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Euglenoids have one single long flagella. T/F |
F, two flagella, one short one long |
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Pigments of euglenoids are identical to those present in ________ |
Higher plants |
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Euglenoids are permanent autotrophs. T/F. Ex - (1) |
F Euglena |
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Slime moulds are __________ protist. Under suitable/unsuitable conditions, they form a aggregation called _________ |
Saprophytic Suitable, plasmodium |
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Plasmodium may spread over several feet. T/F |
T |
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During favorable conditions, the plasmodium differentiates and forms fruiting bodies bearing spores at their tips. T/F |
F, unfavorable |
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The spore possess true/false walls. The spores are dispersed by _______. |
True Air currents |
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All protozoans are _________ |
Heterotrophs |
