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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the process called when a cell reproduces itself and its DNA?
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mitosis
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Which kind of cells have the normal amount of chromosomes?
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diploid
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Which kind of cells have half the normal amount of chromosomes?
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haploid
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What is it called when the DNA in a cell is scrambled around in the nucleus?
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chromatin
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What is the process of making sperm and eggs?
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meiosis
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What is it called when sperm are made?
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spermatogenesis
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What is it called when eggs are made?
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oogenesis
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What connects the old DNA and the new DNA in the chromosome?
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centromere
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What are the objects in the cell that separate the chromosomes during anaphase?
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spindle fibers
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What is the place called where the cell membrane and and cytoplasm pinch together?
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cleavage furrow
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What is a chain of amino acids called?
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Protein
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What is the basic unit of DNA?
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nucleotide
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What is one half of a gene pair called?
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an allele
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What three things make up a nucleotide?
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sugar, phosphate, base
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How many chromosomes does a normal human being have?
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46
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What kind of replication has half-old, half-new DNA?
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Semi-conservative replication
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What is it called when DNA makes a copy of itself?
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Replication
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This enzyme "unzips" the DNA.
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Helicase
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What is the place called where the DNA opens up?
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The replication fork.
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Which enzyme attaches to the nucleotides?
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Polymerase.
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What is a mistake called in DNA replication?
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A mutation
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Which enzyme glues all the pieces together?
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Ligase
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What does DNA stand for?
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Deoxyribonucleic acid
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What does G ALWAYS pair with?
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C
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What does T ALWAYS pair with?
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A
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