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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
heredity
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transmission of genetic traits from parent to offspring
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genetics
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study of heredity
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monohybrid cross
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cross involving one pair of contrasting traits
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true-breeding
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displaying only one form of a particular chromosome
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p generation
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1st two individuals that mate in a genetic cross
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f1 generation
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the first offspring from a corss of two varieties in the p generation
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f2 generation
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the offspring form crosses among individuals of the f1 generation
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allele
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an alternative form of a gene
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dominant
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genetic trait that is expressed when its allele is homozygous or heterozygous
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recessive
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genetic trait that is expressed when the contarsting form of the trait is not present
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homozygous
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refers to an individual with two identical allels for a trait
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heterozygous
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refers to an individual with two different alleles for a trait
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genotype
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the genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of allels
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phenotype
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observable charachteristics in an organism
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law of segregtion
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first law of heredity staing that pairs of alleles for a trait separate when gametes form
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law of independent assortment
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second law of heredity stating htat pairs of genes separate independently of one another in meiosis
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punnett square
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diagram used by biologists to predict the probable offspirng of a genetic cross
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test cross
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a genetic cross of an individual whose phenotype is dominant but whose genotype is unknown; with a homozygous recessive individual
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probabilty
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liklihood that a specific event would occur
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pedigree
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family history that shows how a trait is inherited after several generations
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sex linked trait
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a tarit that is determined by a gene found on the x chromosome
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polygenic trait
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characteristic of an organism that is influenced by several genes
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incomplete dominance
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condition in ehich a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenoytpe of its two parents
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codominance
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condition in which both alleles for a gene are expressed when present
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multiple alleles
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the existence of more than two alleles for a gentic trait
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law of independent assortment
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second law of heredity stating htat pairs of genes separate independently of one another in meiosis
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|
punnett square
|
diagram used by biologists to predict the probable offspirng of a genetic cross
|
|
test cross
|
a genetic cross of an individual whose phenotype is dominant but whose genotype is unknown; with a homozygous recessive individual
|
|
probabilty
|
liklihood that a specific event would occur
|
|
pedigree
|
family history that shows how a trait is inherited after several generations
|
|
sex linked trait
|
a tarit that is determined by a gene found on the x chromosome
|
|
polygenic trait
|
characteristic of an organism that is influenced by several genes
|
|
incomplete dominance
|
condition in ehich a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenoytpe of its two parents
|
|
codominance
|
condition in which both alleles for a gene are expressed when present
|
|
multiple alleles
|
the existence of more than two alleles for a gentic trait
|
|
law of independent assortment
|
second law of heredity stating htat pairs of genes separate independently of one another in meiosis
|
|
punnett square
|
diagram used by biologists to predict the probable offspirng of a genetic cross
|
|
test cross
|
a genetic cross of an individual whose phenotype is dominant but whose genotype is unknown; with a homozygous recessive individual
|
|
probabilty
|
liklihood that a specific event would occur
|
|
pedigree
|
family history that shows how a trait is inherited after several generations
|
|
sex linked trait
|
a tarit that is determined by a gene found on the x chromosome
|
|
polygenic trait
|
characteristic of an organism that is influenced by several genes
|
|
incomplete dominance
|
condition in ehich a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenoytpe of its two parents
|
|
codominance
|
condition in which both alleles for a gene are expressed when present
|
|
multiple alleles
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the existence of more than two alleles for a gentic trait
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