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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What musta meal include for it be a balance diet? |
Appropriateproportions of Carbs, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins, Minerals, Water and Fibre |
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What do carbohydrates do? |
Provides your body with energy |
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What does protein do? |
Build, repair and grow muscle, to make enzymes |
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What do lipids do? |
store and supply of energy |
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What does Vitamin A do? |
immunity, sight, skin (fish) |
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What does Vitamin D do? |
keeps bones, teeth, and muscles healthy, can cause rickets (egg) |
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What does Vitamin C do? |
heals wounds, protects cells, lack of it can cause scurvy (oranges) |
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What does calcium do? |
strong bones, muscle contractions, osteoporosis (milk) |
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What does iron do? |
makes red blood cells (meat), anemia |
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Why might the energy requirements of your diet vary? |
pregnancy, age, gender |
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Describe the structure of the human alimentary canal. |
the digestive system |
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What is the function of the mouth? |
Where food enters the alimentary canal and digestion begins |
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What is the function of the oesophagus ? |
Muscular tube which moves ingested food to the stomach |
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What is the function of the stomach? |
Muscular organ where digestion continues |
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What is the function of the small intestine? |
Where food is mixed with digestive enzymes and bile and where digested food is absorbed into the blood and lymph |
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What is the function of the large intestine? |
Where water is reabsorbed |
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What is the function of the pancreas? |
Produces digestive enzymes |
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What is ingestion? |
food entering the digestive system |
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What is digestion? |
Breaking down of large insoluble foods to smaller molecules |
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What is absorption? |
the movement of digested food molecules from the intestine to the blood |
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What is assimilation? |
movement of food molecules into cells of the body where they're used |
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What is egestion? |
when faeces is passed out of the body |
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How does peristalsis work? |
The muscles work together to produce wave-like contractions. These have a ‘squeezing action’ that pushes the bolus through the gut. |
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How do enzymes digest starch? |
amylase turn it into maltose then to glucose |
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How do enzymes digest Lipids? |
Lipases turn it into fatty acids and glycerol |
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Where is the bile produced and stored? |
produced in the liver, stored in the gallbladder |
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What is the role of bile? |
to neutralise the stomach acid (HCl) and emulsifies liquids |
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Describe the structure of Villi: |
small finger-shaped structure |
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What do the villi do? |
where absorption happens |
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How do enzymes digest protein? |
protease to amino acids |
