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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is artificial selection |
Process by which humans choose, on the basis of certain traits, the animals + plants that will reproduce. |
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What is natural selection |
Process by which organisms with an advantage reproduce more than others of their kind. |
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What are the essential components of natural selection? Know these wells |
1. Members of a population have inheritable variations 2. A population is able to produce more offspring than the environment can support. 3. Only certain members of the population survive and reproduce 4. Natural selection results in a population adapted to the local environment |
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What is the definition of modern day evolution? |
Changes in a population over time due to the accumulation of inherited differences. |
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What is a fossil |
Traces a past life, such as trails footprints, borrows, warm casts, or preserved droppings |
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What is sedimentation? |
Weathering and erosion of rocks produces an accumulation of particles that very in size and nature |
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What is the fossil record? |
History of life recorded by fossils and the most direct and evidence we have that evolution has occurred. |
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Understand what a common ancestor is. |
Cousins and share a common ancestor in grandparents |
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Homologous structures |
Anatomically similar because they are inherited from a recant common ancestor. (Wing of a bird/ wing of a bat |
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Analogous structure |
Same function, but not constructed similar and don't share a recant common ancestor. (Ex. Leg of horse, leg of human) |
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What is a vestigial organ? |
Fully developed in one group of organisms but reduced and possibly nonfunctional in similar groups (ex. Wisdom teeth; appendix) |
Microevolution |
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What is a population |
Members of a single species occupying a particular area at the same time |
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What is a gene pool? |
Composed of all the alleles in all the individuals making up the population |
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What are mutations? |
Permanent genetic changes |
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Know what stabilizing selection, directional selection, disruptive selection are. |
Stabilizing-stabilized in center
Directional-extreme phenotype is favored
Disruptive-2 or more extreme phenotypes are favored over any intermediate phenotype |
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What is speciation? |
Splitting of one species into 2 or more of the transformation of one species into a new species over time |
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