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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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population genetics
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the study of the frequency and interaction of alleles and genes in populations
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species
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a group of similar looking organisms that breed with one another and produce fertile offspring in the natural environment.
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population
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a collection of individuals of the same species in a given area whose members can breed with one another
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mutation causes evolution by:
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a small change that evolves very slowly over time
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migration causes evolution by:
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affecting species and others around it because of the change of location
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sexual selection causes evolution by:
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passing on genes that help for mating but don't help for survival
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genetic drift causes evolution by:
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a random change of frequency in genes
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natural selection causes evolution by:
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passing on genes that help for survival
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What are the fundamental components of natural selection?
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physical and behavioral characteristics:
overproduction-more than can survive, struggle to survive, differential reproduction= survival of the fittest |
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What must occur in order for multiple species to evolve from a single parent species?
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isolation
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Coevolution
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when two species evolve in response to each other (humming bird & plant)
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Convergent evolution
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when two species look/become similar and occupy similar niches but can never fuse (sugar glider & flying squirrel)
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Divergent evolution
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when two related groups become more different over time (dog & wolf)
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What is adaptive radiation and what are some conditions that would lead to it?
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A period of rapid speciation that can occur if it develops a characteristic that provides and overwhelming advantage, move into and area with little competition, or extinction of its competitors.
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How would you go about classifying a group of organisms into the seven levels of hierarchical tax?
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You would take the bottom up approach (species to genus, genera to family, etc.)
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What evidence is used when constructing a phylogenetic tree?
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common ancestor
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How does a cladogram identify the relatedness of different species?
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it groups them by shared derived characteristics(or clades)
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What characteristics distinguish the six-kingdoms from each other?
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Eubacteria- peptidoglycen
Archaebacteria- no peptidoglycen, diff. in metabolism & biochem. Protista- too simple Fungi- absorptive heterotrophs Plantae- photoautotrophs Animalia- ingestive heterotrophs, nervous & muscle tissue |
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Which kingdoms are included in each domain?
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Domain Bacteria- kingdom Eubacteria
Domain Archaea- kingdom Archaebacteria Domain Eukarya- kingdom animalia, plantae, fungi, and protista |
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Domain Bacteria
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prokaryotic, cell walls, peptidoglycen, true bacteria
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Domain Archaea
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prokaryotic, cell walls, no peptidoglycen, early life forms
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Domain Eukarya
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eukaryotic cells
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