Biology Test 2 (Chapters 3 & 4)

Front 1

Life's molecular diversity is based on the properties of _____.

Back 1

Carbon

Front 2

_______ have the same molecular formula but different structures.

Back 2

Isomers

Front 3

______ _______ groups give organic molecules specific chemical properties

Back 3

Hydrophilic functional groups

Front 4

______ are the simplest carbohydrates

Back 4

Monosaccharides

Front 5

a _____ has a formula that is a multiple of CH2O and contains hydroxyl groups and a carbonyl group

Back 5

Monosaccharide

Front 6

Two monosaccharides are linked to form a ____.

Back 6

Disaccharide

Front 7

a mixture of glucose and fructose derived from corn:

Back 7

High fructose corn syrup

Hint 7

HFCS

Front 8

______ are long chains of sugar units

Back 8

Polysaccharides

Front 9

____ and ____ are storage polysaccharides

Back 9

Starch and glycogen

Front 10

cellulose is ____, found in ____

Back 10

Structural, found in plant cell walls

Front 11

_____ is a component of insect exoskeletons and fungal cell walls

Back 11

Chitin

Front 12

____ are lipids that are mostly energy-storage molecules

Back 12

Fats

Front 13

Lipids are diverse, hydrophobic compounds composed largely of ____ and ____

Back 13

Carbon and hydrogen

Front 14

Fats (triglycerides) consist of ____ linked to three _____

Back 14

Glycerol & fatty acids

Front 15

Saturated fatty acids are found in ______ but unsaturated fatty acids are typical of ____

Back 15

Animal fats & plant oils

Front 16

Phospholipids are components of ____

Back 16

Cell membranes

Front 17

Steroids include ____ and some ____

Back 17

Cholesterol & hormones

Front 18

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 18

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 19

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 19

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 20

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 20

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 21

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 21

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 22

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 22

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 23

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 23

Primary structure

Front 24

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 24

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 25

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 25

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 26

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 26

Primary structure

Front 27

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 27

Secondary structure

Front 28

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 28

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 29

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 29

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 30

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 30

Primary structure

Front 31

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 31

Secondary structure

Front 32

A protein's _______ is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions among R groups

Back 32

Tertiary structure

Front 33

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 33

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 34

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 34

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 35

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 35

Primary structure

Front 36

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 36

Secondary structure

Front 37

A protein's _______ is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions among R groups

Back 37

Tertiary structure

Front 38

Proteins made up of more than one polypeptide have _____ structure

Back 38

Quaternary

Front 39

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 39

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 40

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 40

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 41

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 41

Primary structure

Front 42

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 42

Secondary structure

Front 43

A protein's _______ is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions among R groups

Back 43

Tertiary structure

Front 44

Proteins made up of more than one polypeptide have _____ structure

Back 44

Quaternary

Front 45

____ and ____ are the two types of nuclei cavies which serve as blueprints for proteins and control the life of a cell

Back 45

DNA & RNA

Front 46

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 46

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 47

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 47

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 48

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 48

Primary structure

Front 49

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 49

Secondary structure

Front 50

A protein's _______ is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions among R groups

Back 50

Tertiary structure

Front 51

Proteins made up of more than one polypeptide have _____ structure

Back 51

Quaternary

Front 52

____ and ____ are the two types of nuclei cavies which serve as blueprints for proteins and control the life of a cell

Back 52

DNA & RNA

Front 53

Nucleic acids are polymers of ____

Back 53

Nucleotides

Front 54

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 54

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 55

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 55

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 56

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 56

Primary structure

Front 57

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 57

Secondary structure

Front 58

A protein's _______ is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions among R groups

Back 58

Tertiary structure

Front 59

Proteins made up of more than one polypeptide have _____ structure

Back 59

Quaternary

Front 60

____ and ____ are the two types of nuclei cavies which serve as blueprints for proteins and control the life of a cell

Back 60

DNA & RNA

Front 61

Nucleic acids are polymers of ____

Back 61

Nucleotides

Front 62

_____ are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Back 62

Nucleotides

Front 63

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 63

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 64

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 64

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 65

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 65

Primary structure

Front 66

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 66

Secondary structure

Front 67

A protein's _______ is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions among R groups

Back 67

Tertiary structure

Front 68

Proteins made up of more than one polypeptide have _____ structure

Back 68

Quaternary

Front 69

____ and ____ are the two types of nuclei cavies which serve as blueprints for proteins and control the life of a cell

Back 69

DNA & RNA

Front 70

Nucleic acids are polymers of ____

Back 70

Nucleotides

Front 71

_____ are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Back 71

Nucleotides

Front 72

____ is a double helix

Back 72

DNA

Front 73

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 73

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 74

____ is a single polynucleotide chain

Back 74

RNA

Front 75

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 75

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 76

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 76

Primary structure

Front 77

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 77

Secondary structure

Front 78

A protein's _______ is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions among R groups

Back 78

Tertiary structure

Front 79

Proteins made up of more than one polypeptide have _____ structure

Back 79

Quaternary

Front 80

____ and ____ are the two types of nuclei cavies which serve as blueprints for proteins and control the life of a cell

Back 80

DNA & RNA

Front 81

Nucleic acids are polymers of ____

Back 81

Nucleotides

Front 82

_____ are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Back 82

Nucleotides

Front 83

____ is a double helix

Back 83

DNA

Front 84

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 84

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 85

____ is a single polynucleotide chain

Back 85

RNA

Front 86

A glucose molecule is to starch as _______

Back 86

A nucleotide is to a nucleic acid

Front 87

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 87

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 88

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 88

Primary structure

Front 89

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 89

Secondary structure

Front 90

A protein's _______ is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions among R groups

Back 90

Tertiary structure

Front 91

Proteins made up of more than one polypeptide have _____ structure

Back 91

Quaternary

Front 92

____ and ____ are the two types of nuclei cavies which serve as blueprints for proteins and control the life of a cell

Back 92

DNA & RNA

Front 93

Nucleic acids are polymers of ____

Back 93

Nucleotides

Front 94

_____ are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Back 94

Nucleotides

Front 95

____ is a double helix

Back 95

DNA

Front 96

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 96

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 97

____ is a single polynucleotide chain

Back 97

RNA

Front 98

A glucose molecule is to starch as _______

Back 98

A nucleotide is to a nucleic acid

Front 99

What makes fatty acid an acid?

Back 99

It has a carboxyl group that can donate an H+ to a solution

Front 100

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 100

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 101

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 101

Primary structure

Front 102

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 102

Secondary structure

Front 103

A protein's _______ is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions among R groups

Back 103

Tertiary structure

Front 104

Proteins made up of more than one polypeptide have _____ structure

Back 104

Quaternary

Front 105

____ and ____ are the two types of nuclei cavies which serve as blueprints for proteins and control the life of a cell

Back 105

DNA & RNA

Front 106

Nucleic acids are polymers of ____

Back 106

Nucleotides

Front 107

_____ are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Back 107

Nucleotides

Front 108

____ is a double helix

Back 108

DNA

Front 109

Proteins are involved in almost all of a cell's activities. As enzymes, they __________

Back 109

Regulate chemical reactions

Front 110

____ is a single polynucleotide chain

Back 110

RNA

Front 111

A glucose molecule is to starch as _______

Back 111

A nucleotide is to a nucleic acid

Front 112

What makes fatty acid an acid?

Back 112

It has a carboxyl group that can donate an H+ to a solution

Front 113

Cows can derive nutrients from cellulose because....

Back 113

Their digestive tract contains prokaryotes that can hydrolyze the bonds of cellulose

Front 114

Proteins are made from _______ linked by _______

Back 114

Amino acids & peptide bonds

Front 115

A protein's ______ is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain

Back 115

Primary structure

Front 116

A protein's ______ is the coiling or folding of the chain, stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Back 116

Secondary structure

Front 117

A protein's _______ is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions among R groups

Back 117

Tertiary structure

Front 118

Proteins made up of more than one polypeptide have _____ structure

Back 118

Quaternary

Front 119

____ and ____ are the two types of nuclei cavies which serve as blueprints for proteins and control the life of a cell

Back 119

DNA & RNA

Front 120

Nucleic acids are polymers of ____

Back 120

Nucleotides

Front 121

_____ are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Back 121

Nucleotides

Front 122

____ is a double helix

Back 122

DNA

Front 123

Which of these are polar, tending to make organic compounds hydrophilic?

Carbonyl, amino, and hydroxyl

Back 123

All three

Front 124

Which of these are polar, tending to make organic compounds hydrophilic?

Carbonyl, amino, and hydroxyl

Back 124

All three

Front 125

______ have double bonds in their fatty acid chains

Back 125

Unsaturated fats

Front 126

Which of these are polar, tending to make organic compounds hydrophilic?

Carbonyl, amino, and hydroxyl

Back 126

All three

Front 127

______ have double bonds in their fatty acid chains

Back 127

Unsaturated fats

Front 128

A shortage of phosphorus in the soil would make it especially difficult for a plant to manufacture....

Back 128

DNA

Front 129

Which of these are polar, tending to make organic compounds hydrophilic?

Carbonyl, amino, and hydroxyl

Back 129

All three

Front 130

______ have double bonds in their fatty acid chains

Back 130

Unsaturated fats

Front 131

A shortage of phosphorus in the soil would make it especially difficult for a plant to manufacture....

Back 131

DNA

Front 132

What substance is a major component of the cell membrane of a fungus?

Back 132

Phospholipids

Front 133

Which of these are polar, tending to make organic compounds hydrophilic?

Carbonyl, amino, and hydroxyl

Back 133

All three

Front 134

______ have double bonds in their fatty acid chains

Back 134

Unsaturated fats

Front 135

A shortage of phosphorus in the soil would make it especially difficult for a plant to manufacture....

Back 135

DNA

Front 136

What substance is a major component of the cell membrane of a fungus?

Back 136

Phospholipids

Front 137

What structural level of a protein would be least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding?

Back 137

Primary structure