Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Characteristics of Life |
Organized, reproduces,grows and develops, responds to stimuli, evolves, processes energy. |
|
|
Scientific Method |
observation, question,hypothesis, prediction, experiment, result |
|
|
Atomic Mass |
calculated mean of the massnumber for an elements isotopes |
|
|
Atomic Number |
Total number of protons in an atom |
|
|
Ions |
atom or chemical group thatdoes not contain equal numbers of protons and electrons – element or compound withan electrical charge |
|
|
Isotopes |
one or more forms of anelement that have a change in the numbers of neutrons |
|
|
Chemical Bonding Types |
Ionic Bonds, Covalent Bond, Disulfide Bond, Hydrogen Bond |
|
|
Ionic Bond |
A bond between opposite ions |
|
|
Covalent Bond |
A Bond resulting from the sharing of electrons |
|
|
Disulfide Bonds |
Helps to compact large molecules |
|
|
Properties of water |
Sticky, cohesion, adhesion, repels UV Rays, Universal Solvent, Expands when freezes, remains liquid over a wide temperature range, can moderate pH |
|
|
Organic Molecules |
Any carbon containing liquid solid or gas |
|
|
Macromolecules |
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids |
|
|
What are the two types of Nucleic Acids |
DNA and RNA |
|
|
What are some examples of Lipids |
Fats, Oils and Wax |
|
|
What do proteins consist of? |
Amino Acids, structure, hormones |
|
|
Cell Membrane |
Surrounds the cell, regulates what goes in and out. |
|
|
What organelles are in animals only? |
Centriole and Lisosome |
|
|
What organelles are in plants only |
Cell wall, chloroplast, central vacuole |
|
|
Plants versus animal cells |
Plants have a cell wall, animals do not, Plants have chloroplast, animals do not, Plants have a larger vacuole, animals have a smaller vacuole |
|
|
What are the 3 different forms of energy? |
Activation Energy, Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy |
|
|
Laws of thermodynamics |
Law 1 - energy cannot be created or destroyed. Law 2 - in every energy transfer as energy is converted from one form to another, some amount of energy decreases |
|
|
Exergonic vs. Endergonic |
Exergonic - Reactions have a negative aG and release free energy. Endergonic - Requires an input of energy then aG is a positive value - more free energy for reactants |
|
|
What are Enzymes |
Biological molecules or proteins. |
|
|
Functions of Enzymes |
Enzymes acts as a catalyst |
|
|
Catalyst |
Speeds up the chemical reactions by lowering the amount of activation energy needed. |
|
|
Types of Inhibitors |
Competitive and non-competitive |
|
|
3 Steps of Cellular Respiration |
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electronic Transport Chain |
|
|
Glycolysis |
The breakdown of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate. This takes place in the cytoplasm. |
|
|
Krebs Cycle |
Aerobic Respiration that is a cyclic cycle that gives off CO2 and produces 1ATP. |
|
|
Where does the Krebs Cycle Take Place |
The Krebs Cycle Takes Place in the Mitochondria of the Cell. |
|
|
Electron Transport System |
A Series of carriers that accept electrons removed from various chemical reactions and pass them along to the other carriers until finally removed by oxygen. |
|
|
Fermentation |
Anaerobic Respiration - Reduction of Pyruvate in the absence of oxygen. |
|
|
What is the possible Net ATP Production for Aerobic Respiration? |
38 ATP Possible Glycosis ----2ATP Transition Reaction ----0 ATP Cytric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)----2ATP Electron Transport System ----34 ATP |
|
|
What are the two types of pathways a Pyruvate Can take depending on the presence or absence of oxygen? |
Transition Reaction (Aerobic Respiration) Fermentation (Anaerobic Respiration |
|
|
Prokaryotes |
DO NOT have a nucleus. MORE primitive HAVE bound organelles 3.5 Billion Years Old (older-primitive) |
|
|
Eukariotes |
HAVE a nucleus More advanced HAVE numerous bound organelles 1.5 Billion years old |
