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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is atomic theory? |
all matter is made from atoms |
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What are ionic bonds? |
formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
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What are covalent bonds? |
when electrons are shared between atoms
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What are the hydrogen bonds? |
cohesion: attraction of molecules of the same substance adhesion: attraction of molecules of different substances
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What are elements? |
pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atoms
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What are isotopes? |
atoms of the same element that differ in the amount of neutrons |
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What are compounds? |
substance formed by chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions |
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What are melocules? |
smallest unit of all compounds
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What are the properties of water? |
polarity: uneven distribution of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen, Hydrogen bonds, can create solutions and suspensions
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What are the pH levels of Acids and bases? |
acid: contain higher concentrations of H+ ions than pure water and have pH less than 7 bases: lower than pure water, and have pH greater than 7 |
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What does the pH scale indicate? |
indicates the concentration of H+ ions in a solution
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What are solutions? |
where all components are mixed equally, solvent and solute
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What is a solute? |
the substance that is dissolved
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What is the solvent? |
the substance in which the solute dissolves Usually water |
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What is a way to remember if solutes or solvents take more of the opposite into or out of the cell? |
SOLUTES SUCK |
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What is carbon chemistry? |
carbons have 4 valence electrons: easy to form a strong covalent bond, carbon can bond to carbon
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What are hydrocarbons? |
a compound of hydrogen and carbon, for natural gas |
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what creates the structures of simple sugars and carbohydrates and what does it do? |
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; main source of energy and structural purposes
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What are some qualities of lipids?(Three) And what are they made of? |
carbon and hydrogen store energy biological membranes and waterproof covering
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What are some qualities of proteins? (Five) And what are they made of? |
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen control rate of reactions regulate cell processes form bones and muscles transport substances in or out of cells fight disease
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What does ACD stand for? |
Anonymous Cheesecake Donor aka Shaina :) |
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What is a quality of nucleic acids? And what are they made of? |
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus store and transmit hereditary or genetic information
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CHOPNS |
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What is a chemical reaction? |
process that changes one set of chemical to another
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What is the reactant in a chemical reaction? |
it enters the chemical reaction |
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What is the product in a chemical reaction? |
elements or compounds PRODUCED by a chemical reaction |
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What is the energy in chemical reactions? |
-chemical reactions release energy, -chemical reactions that absorb energy will not occur without a source of energy |
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What is a catalyst? |
substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
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What is an enzyme? |
proteins that act like biological catalysts, speed up chemical reactions in the cell |
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What are substrates? |
reactants of enzyme catalyzed reaction |
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