Biology Final Semester 1

Front 1

hypothesis

Back 1

educated guess

Front 2

biosphere

Back 2

part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere

Front 3

community

Back 3

assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area

Front 4

species

Back 4

group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring

Front 5

ecosystem

Back 5

collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving environment

Front 6

ionic bond

Back 6

bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Front 7

population

Back 7

group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area

Front 8

covalent bond

Back 8

bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms

Front 9

reactant

Back 9

element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction

Front 10

product

Back 10

element or compound produced by a chemical reaction

Front 11

biome

Back 11

group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominand communities

Front 12

autotroph

Back 12

organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer

Front 13

heterotroph

Back 13

organism that obtains energy from the food it consumes; also called a consumer

Front 14

consumer

Back 14

organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply; also called a heterotroph

Front 15

herbivore

Back 15

organism that obtains energy by eating only plants

Front 16

carnivore

Back 16

organism that obtains energy by eating animals

Front 17

decomposer

Back 17

organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter

Front 18

exponential growth

Back 18

growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate

Front 19

density-dependent limiting factor

Back 19

limiting factor that depends on population size

Front 20

density-independent limiting factor

Back 20

limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of population size

Front 21

biodiversity

Back 21

biological diversity; the sum total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere

Front 22

symbiosis

Back 22

relationship in which two species live closely together

Front 23

hox genes

Back 23

series of genes that controls the differentiation of cells and tissues in an embryo

Front 24

active transport

Back 24

energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference

Front 25

facilitated diffusion

Back 25

movement of specific molecules across a cell membrane through protein channels

Front 26

frameshift mutation

Back 26

mutation that shifts the "reading" frame of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide

Front 27

point mutation

Back 27

gene mutation involving changes in one or a few nucleotides