Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
5 Supergroups of Protists
|
Excavate- Giardia
Chromalveolate - Diatoms Rhizaria - Foram Archaeplastida - Volvox, green algae Unikonta - animallike, amoeba |
|
|
Haploid
|
1 set of DNA
|
|
|
Diploid
|
2 sets of DNA
|
|
|
Chromalveloate Supergroup
|
Dinoflagellates
Apicomplexans Ciliates Diatoms Golden algae Brown algae |
|
|
Excavates
|
Diplonomad - Giardia
Parabasalid - Trichonomas vaginalis, can break cellulose |
|
|
Sporophytes
|
Make haploid spores
|
|
|
Stramenopile
|
one smooth and one hairy flagella
Ex:diatom, golden and brown algae |
|
|
Rhizaria Supergroup
|
radiolarian,have pseudopodia. Form stars, most of them are extinct
|
|
|
Archaeplastida Supergroup
|
Red and green algae,
Ex: Nori seaweed, watermelon snow |
|
|
Unikonta Supergroup
|
More animal like
|
|
|
When was the first protists?
|
2.2 Billion Years Ago
|
|
|
How many catalogued protist species?
How many are there likely? |
60,000
Likely 1 million |
|
|
What are the positives for moving to land? What are the negatives? (For plants)
|
Positive - unfiltered light, more co2, mineral, fewer herbivores
Negatives - dry out, gravity |
|
|
What is preadaptation?
|
Evolving something that comes in handy later
|
|
|
What do charophytes and plants share?
|
rosette-shaped complexes, peroxisome enzyme, special shape of flagellated sperm, form phragmoplast in mitosis
|
|
|
What are some differences between plants and algae?
|
1.?
2. Plants are embryophytes 3. Walled spores are made in sporangia 4. Multicellular gametangia 5. Apical meristems for growth |
|
|
About when did plants fossilize and eventually be coal?
|
300 mya
|
|
|
When was the Carboniferous period? What plants dominated?
|
299-359 mya. Ferns and mosses dominated
|
|
|
When was the Cambrian explosion?
When was the Permian extinction? |
Cambrian - 535 mya
Permian - 250 mya |
|
|
What are the four types of Gymnosperms? What are their characteristics?
|
Cycadophyta-Large cones, palmlike leaves
Gingkophyta - leaves and fleshy seeds Gnetophyta - ephedrine Coniferophyta - 600 species, soft woods, do well when dry |
|
|
What do fungi use to transfer cell material? What is the name of the network of subterranean mycelium?
|
Septa, Hyphaea
|
|
|
What are the five fungi Phyla?
|
Chytrids - Flagellated, protist ancestor
Zygomycetes - food molds Glomeromycetes - form symbiotic relationship w/ plants Ascomycetes - "sac" fungi, plant disease, ergot parasite Basidomycetes - mushrooms, club fungus, puffballs, rusts and smuts, decompose wood |
|
|
What are characteristics of animals?
|
Use collagen
Most are sexual, diploid dominant 99% extinct Multicellular |
|
|
What is a blastula?
|
Hollow ball of cells
|
|
|
What unique gene do animals have?
|
Homeobox gene (Hox gene)
|
|
|
Invert group Porifera
|
sponges, bunch of cells, diffusion
|
|
|
Invert group Ctenophora
|
comb jellies, diploblastic, cilia
|
|
|
Invert group Cnidaria
|
corals, jellies, hydras
|
|
|
What are the classes of Cnidarians?
|
Hydrozoa - only polyp in hydras, asexual or sexual reproduction
Scyphozoans - medusa dominates, some are bioluminescent Cubozoans - box jellies, poisonous Anthozoans - polyps, sea anenomes, corals, sessile, threatened by pollution |
|
|
Invert group Platyhelmines
|
no body cavity, flatworms, acoelomates
|
|
|
Types of Platyhelmines (Invert)
|
Turbellaria - one mouth coughs out juices, flame cells for osmoregulation
Trematoda & Monogens - Parasites, cause Schistosoma Cestoda - tapeworms, have scolex for attachment,proglottids for reproduction |
|
|
Invert group Rotifera -
|
pseudocoelomates, specialized organs, jaws, mouth and anus,
Some do parthenogenesis - only females |
|
|
Invert group Ectoprocts
|
resemble plants, sessile
|
|
|
Invert group Brachiopods
|
lamp shells, flat
|
|
|
Invert group Nemerteans
|
Proboscis worms, stab things with nose, complete gut, close circulatory system
|
|
|
Invert group Mollusca
|
2nd largest phyla, muscular foot, visceral mass containing organs, mantle, radula is scrapy tongue
|
|
|
What are classes of Molluscs?
|
Chitons - shell w/ 8 plates, no head
Gastropod - asymmetrical body, snails and slugs, torsion(anus above mouth) Bivalva - lateral shell, clams, oysters, water through siphons, cilia on gills to feed, jet propulsion Cephalopoda - "head foot", largest, tentacles and jaws, closed circulatory system, squids, octopi |
