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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is germination?
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the development of a new plant from the embryo plant into a seed
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what do seeds need to germinate?
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*water
*oxygen *the right temperature |
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name the 3 parts of an embryo plant
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*seed coat
*food store *embryo plant (shoot+root) |
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name the 7 parts of a flower
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*stigma
*petal *stamen(anther and filament) *nectary *sepal *ovule *ovary |
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what is the purpose of the stigma?
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catches pollen grains
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what is the purpose of the ovary?
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contains ovules
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what is the purpose of the sepal?
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protects the flower bud
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what is the purpose of the anther?
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produces pollen grains
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what is the purpose of the nectary?
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produces nectar to attract insects
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what is pollination?
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the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma
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what is fertilisation?
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the fusion of the male gamete and the female gamete
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after fertilisation has taken place, what happens to the ovule and the ovary?
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the ovule becomes a seed and the ovary becomes a fruit
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describe the process of fertilisation (pollen tube)
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*pollen lands on stigma
*pollen tube grows down towards the ovule *male gamete moves down the pollen tube *pollen tube enters the ovule and the gametes fuse-this fusion process is called fertilisation |
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what is a runner?
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a runner is a side shoot which grows out from the parent. where it touches the ground a new plant grows (e.g. strawberry, spider plant)
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what is a tuber?
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food made in the leaves is stored as tubers and used as an energy source for new growth (e.g. potato, dahlia)
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what are bulbs?
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a bulb has thick fleshy leaves full of stored food which is used for the growth of a new plant the following year (e.g. daffodils, onions)
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what are the advantages of asexual reproduction?
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*early growth is possible as there are no vunerable stages involved
*offspring will all have the parent plant's good characteristics |
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what are the disadvantages of asexual reproduction?
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*because there is no variation, weak characteristics can be passed on
*overcrowding can take place |
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what are the advantages of sexual reproduction?
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*variation takes place which may be an advantage if conditions change
*reduces competition arising from dense growth around parent *allows dispersal of seeds to new areas |
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what are the disadvantages of sexual reproduction?
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*involves vunerable stages where the young plant may not survive
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