Biology Lab Exam

Front 1

What Effect does caffeine have on the heart rate of Daphnia?

Back 1

It speeds up the heartrate

Front 2

What effect does ethanol have on the heartrate of a Daphnia?

Back 2

It slows down the heartrate

Front 3

Independent variable

Back 3

One or more factors that the scientist varies during the experiment

Front 4

Dependent Variable

Back 4

A feature that the scientist measures in order to determine if it changes in response to the independent variable

Front 5

Mean

Back 5

A type of average.
Sum of all scores / Number of scores

Front 6

Median

Back 6

The middle number in a ranked series.
5 10 15 20 26 30 35. (20 is the median)

Front 7

Mode

Back 7

The number that appears most frequently.

Front 8

Range

Back 8

The highest number minus the lowest number.

Front 9

Celsius -> Fahrenheit

Back 9

5/9 (F - 32)

Front 10

Fahrenheit -> Celsius

Back 10

9/5 (F + 32)

Front 11

Compound Scope Magnification Equation

Back 11

(eye piece mag) x (objective mag)

Front 12

Objective lens magnifications: Lowest - Highest

Back 12

3.2x
10x
40x

Front 13

Resolution Equation

Back 13

0.61∧ / N.A.

(N.A. should be engraved on lens)

Front 14

What are the major parts of the compound microscope?

Back 14

Stage, fine adjustment knobs, course adjustment knobs, tube of left eyepiece

Front 15

What did we use to test for simple sugar?

Back 15

Benedicts reagent because sugars have an aldehyde attatched to a carbon which is accepted by an oxygen of BR. Changes from blue -> Green low concentration Orange red high concentration

Front 16

Test for a Polysaccharide - Starch

Back 16

Iodine final color of dark purple/blue/black

Front 17

Test for Proteins

Back 17

Buiret Test turns violet color

Front 18

What is it about proteins that causes a positive reaction during the biuret test?

Back 18

The biuret reagent contains a strong base that reacts with the copper sulfate and creates a positive reaction

Front 19

Test for Lipids

Back 19

Brown Paper (makes paper transparent)

Front 20

Test 2 for Lipids

Back 20

Sudan III test (dye) it will dissolve = 1 layer

Front 21

Diffusion

Back 21

the net movement of molecules from one region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Front 22

Osmosis

Back 22

the net movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a region of its higher molecular activity to a region of lower molecular activity

Front 23

How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?

Back 23

the higher the temperature the higher the rate of diffusion

Front 24

How does concentration affect diffusion and osmosis?

Back 24

the larger the molecule the slower it moves thus the slower the distant it covers

Front 25

hypotonic

Back 25

the solution that has the lower concentration of solute particles

Front 26

hypertonic

Back 26

the solution that has the higher concentration of solute particles

Front 27

isotonic

Back 27

same concentration

Front 28

dynamic equillibrium

Back 28

no net movement of molecules will occur

Front 29

Enzymes

Back 29

Proteins that act as catalysts in reactions

Front 30

How does temperature affect enzymes activity?

Back 30

Temperature can denature an enzyme

Front 31

what pH do most enzymes prefer?

Back 31

7

Front 32

How do enzymes make reactions occur more rapidly?

Back 32

by lowering the activation energy

Front 33

What happens to the Elodea in the salt solution?

Back 33

Water leaves the Elodea to go into the 5% NaCl solution, causing the cell th shrink. The Elodea is hypotonic to the salt and loses water. (cell wall stays the same)

Front 34

What happened to the bags with 15% and 30% sucrose when placed in water?

Back 34

They gained weight. Water moves from the hypotonic beaker into the hyperonic bags.

Front 35

What happened to the bags containing water when placed in solutions of 15% and 30% sucrose?

Back 35

They lost weight. Water moved from the hypotonic solution inside the bag into the hypertonic solution of the beaker.

Front 36

How does measuring CO2 productions relate to respiration and fermentation in yeast?

Back 36

Through fermentation yeast produces 2 mols of CO2 (fast energy when O2 is not present)

Front 37

How does measuring CO2 productions relate to respiration and fermentation in germinating beans?

Back 37

Through respiration the beans release CO2 as a waste.

Front 38

How does measuring CO2 productions relate to respiration and fermentation in crickets?

Back 38

Through aerobic respiration crickets release CO2.

Front 39

What is the difference between aerobic respiration and fermentation?

Back 39

Aerobic respiration requires O2 and can produce more energy. Fermentation can take place when O2 is lacking.

Front 40

What does the heat of respiration represent?

Back 40

Heat is produced as a by product of respiration.

Front 41

What does the bromthymol blue test in elodea plants test for?

Back 41

The bromthymol blue is an indicator for the presence of CO2. It turns yellow when a lot of CO2 is present. The tube containing the visible elodea is undergoing photosynthesis so it uses up the CO2.

Front 42

How does chromotography paper work?

Back 42

Chromotography paper has fibers of a certain size. Pigments are able to migrate along the paper if the are soluble in an appropriate solvent. They will migrate at different distances.

Front 43

Explain flourescence.

Back 43

When we hold a tube of chlorophyll extract up to a bright light. The electrons are boosted to a higher energy level but nothing is there to accept it so it falls back to a lower energy level. Its makes the solution turn red.