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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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If you use chemical reactions to break down matter again and again until it cannot be broken down anymore, then the substance you now have must be...
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An atom
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A molecule in which each side of the molecule is slightly charged because the electrons are not shared equally between the atoms is called...
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A polar molecule
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The degree to which a solution is acidic or basic is measured on the...
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pH scale
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On a pH scale, the neutral value is...
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7
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On a pH scale, acids must have values which are...
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Less than 7
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What is the function of a carbohydrate?
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Store energy
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What is the function of a lipid?
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Store energy
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What is the function of a protein?
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They are needed for structure, function, and regulation of body's cells
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What is the function of nucleic acids?
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Store genetic information
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What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
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Sugar
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What is the monomer of a lipid?
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Glycerol
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What is the monomer of a protein?
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Amino acid
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What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
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Nucleotide
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In hydrolysis, water is ____ and bonds ______.
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Added, break down
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The study of organisms and their interactions with each other and with the environment is called...
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Ecology
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The living parts of the environment are...
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Biotic Factors
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The non-living parts of the environment are...
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Abotic Factors
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The role an organism plays in its ecosystem is its....
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Niche
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The community plus the physical factors in an area
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Ecosystem
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Any condition of the environment that limits the size of a population is called...
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Limiting factor
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The number of organisms that can be supported by the environmental resources in a given ecosystem is called...
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Carrying capacity
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The average year-after-year conditions of temperature and precipitation in a particular region are referred to as the region's...
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Climate
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Succession that occurs where no soil exists is called_____ succession.
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Primary
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________succession occurs when a disturbance of some kind changes an existing community without removing the soil
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Secondary
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One organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it
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Parasitism
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One organism captures and feeds on another organism
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Predation
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Both species benefit from a relationship
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Mutualism
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Organisms attempt to use a resource in the same place at the same time
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Competition
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One organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
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Commensalism
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Any relationship in which two species live closely together
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Symbiosis
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In what kind of transport does the cell NOT use energy?
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Passive Transport
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Name the 3 steps (processes) of Passive transport
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Diffusion, Facilitated diffusion, Osmosis
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In what kind of transport does the cell USE energy?
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Active Transport
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Name the 3 steps (processes) of Active transport
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Protein pumps, Endocytosis, Exocytosis
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What kind of solution is this? Low solute; high water
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Hypotonic Solution
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What is the result of a Hypotonic solution?
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Water moves from the solution inside the cell; cell swells and bursts open
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What kind of solution is this? High solute; low water
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Hypertonic Solution
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What is the result of a Hypertonic solution?
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Water moves from inside the cell into the solution; cell shrinks
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What kind of solution is this? solute = water
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Isotonic Solution
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What is the result of an Isotonic solution?
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Water moves equally in both directions and the cell remains the same size
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Site where lipids are assembled as well as proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Modify, sort, package proteins and other materials from the ER
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Golgi Apparatus
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Convert chemical energy stored in food into compounds cells can use
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Mitochondria
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Directs the cell's activites
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Nucleus
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Breaks down large food particles
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Lysosomes
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Regulates what enter and leaves the cell
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Cell wall/membrane
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Large storage area in plants
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Vacuoles
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Produces proteins
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Ribosomes
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Capture energy from sunlight and convert into chemical energy (photosynthesis)
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Chloroplasts
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List 5 characteristis of a Prokaryotic Cell.
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No nucleus
Unicellular or multi No organelles Has bacteria Has a cell wall |
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List 5 characterists of a Eukaryotic Cell.
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Nucleus
Unicellular Organelles No bacteria Cytoskeleton |
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What is the equation for photosynthesis?
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6C02 + 6H20 --> (Light) C6H1206 + 602
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ATP is used for ____ and _____ celluar energy.
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Storing and releasing
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Where in the cholorplast does the light reaction occur?
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Thykaloids
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Where in the chloroplast does the dark reaction occur?
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Stroma
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What is the equation for respiration?
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602 + C6H1206 --> 6CO2 + 6H20 + energy
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What are the 3 parts of respiration?
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Glycolosis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
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What happens in Glycolosis?
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A molecule is broken in half into pyruvic acids
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What happens in the Krebs Cycle?
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Pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide
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What happens in the electron transport chain?
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Makes ATP into ADP
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What is the net yield of ATP in cellular respiration?
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36
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Photosyntheis is used for energy____ and respiration is sued for energy ________.
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Storage, release
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The cytoplasm of the cell seperates and forms two seperate cells.
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Cytokenesis
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Spindle fibers pull the sister chromatids apart to opposite ends of the cell
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Anaphase
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Consists of G1, S, and G2
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Interphase
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Chromosomes condense and the nucleus disappears
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Prophase
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Two nuclei start to reappear around the seperated sister chromatids
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Telophase
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Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell and spindle fibers attach to the centromeres
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Metaphase
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Why do cancer cells continue to grow and divide?
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Cancer cells do not respond to the signals that regulate the growth of most cells. They then divide uncontrollably and form tumors.
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