Biology - Evolution Test October 2015

Front 1

Alfred Russel Wallace

Back 1

Developed a theory of evolution similar to Darwin’s.

Front 2

Charles Lyell

Back 2

Suggested the earth is very old and small-scale changes occur over large amounts of time.

Front 3

Thomas Malthus

Back 3

Individuals compete for resources and only the fittest survive.

Front 4

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Back 4

Suggested that species change over time based on how they use structures and organs

Front 5

What was the name of Charles Darwin’s book?

Back 5

Origin of Species

Front 6

Why was Darwin hesitant to publish his book?

Back 6

He was afraid that it would imply that the Bible was wrong.

Front 7

What job did Darwin’s father want him to pursue?

Back 7

Doctor

Front 8

How did the different beak types first evolve in the Galapagos finches?

Back 8

There was natural variation in the finch beak structures. When there was a fit between beak structure and available food, those birds had an increased chance for survival and reproduction.

Front 9

Describe evolution

Back 9

Genetic change in populations that can give rise to new species from common ancestors

Front 10

Monkeys and apes have blood proteins more similar to each other than either is to the blood proteins of horses. What does this similarity suggest about monkeys and apes as compared to horses?

Back 10

Monkeys and apes share a more recent common ancestor

Front 11

Approximately 99% of the information in human genetic material is shared by chimpanzee genetic material. This is evidence of which of the following?

Back 11

Chimpanzees and humans share a common ancestor.

Front 12

The more similar the genetic material, the more recent the common ancestor is likely to be.

Back 12

This is a true statement.

Front 13

This is a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships

Back 13

Cladogram

Front 14

Change in traits through natural selection that allows a population to be more fit. What is this called?

Back 14

Adaptation

Front 15

The development of a new species as a result of mutations is called what?

Back 15

Speciation

Front 16

This is a trait that shows common ancestry

Back 16

Shared derived character

Front 17

Layers of rock are called what?

Back 17

Strata

Front 18

Four-limbed mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and birds that live on land are called what?

Back 18

Terrestrial Tetrapods

Front 19

This shows the intermediate state between fossils...

Back 19

A Transitional Fossil

Front 20

This is evidence scientists use to determine evolutionary relationships is called what?

Back 20

Fossil Record

Front 21

This classification term includes the greatest number of organisms.

Back 21

Phylum

Front 22

This classification includes individuals that can reproduce and make fertile offspring.

Back 22

Species

Front 23

Scientists found the fossilized remains of a mammal’s jaw and leg. What additional information do scientists need to hypothesize the age of the fossil?

Back 23

A stratigraphic layer where the fossils were found

Front 24

A scientist digs in an undisturbed field and finds a leg bone of dinosaur A about 6 meters below the surface. She keeps digging and finds a jawbone of dinosaur B about 15 meters below the surface. Based on this information, which is the MOST likely conclusion?

Back 24

Dinosaur B lived before dinosaur A

Front 25

Individuals will change and adapt to environmental challenges within their lifetimes.

Back 25

This statement is NOT part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection

Front 26

A man lifts weights and exercises until he is very muscular. He works out with the hope that his unborn children will also be physically muscular. A problem with his idea is that ____ .

Back 26

characteristics that are acquired during one’s lifetime cannot be passed onto offspring.

Front 27

A population of large fish eats the smaller brown fish that live near the bottom of the ocean. Every so often, the brown fish have a green offspring, which are more easily seen and eaten by predators. The brown fish survive in the ocean because____

Back 27

their coloring makes them more fit than the green fish

Front 28

How does genetic variation arise?

Back 28

through mutation and sexual reproduction

Front 29

According to geological evidence the earth is how old?

Back 29

Billions of years old.

Front 30

Biodiversity

Back 30

The assortment of species on earth; within and between ecosystems; and the variation in genetic composition of a species

Front 31

Geologic Time

Back 31

A vast time scale of billions of years, related to the geological and evolutionary history of the earth.

Front 32

When Darwin brought his bird samples back to England from his trip to the Galapagos, Bird Experts helped him to realize what?

Back 32

all 13 birds were closely related finch species

Front 33

Which phrase best describes evolution?

Back 33

Genetic change in populations that can give rise to new species fromcommon ancestors

Front 34

This statement is NOT part of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection.

Back 34

Individuals will change and adapt to environmentalchallenges within their lifetimes.

Front 35

Whose experiment proved Earth’s early conditions could have produced aminoacids?

Back 35

Miller & Urey

Front 36

Whose experiment proved that only flies can makemore flies

Back 36

Redi

Front 37

Whose experiment proved there is no “life force”in the air, and organisms do not arise by spontaneous generation in thismanner?

Back 37

Pasteur

Front 38

I studied the flash cards and it really helped

Back 38

YES!