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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What 2 scientists showed that DNA is a double helix?
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Watson and Crick
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What 4 nitrogenous bases are in DNA? RNA?
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Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Ctyosine. Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil.
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DNA takes place in the_______.
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nucleus.
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Where does replication take place? In what phase? What enzymes are present?
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nuclues, during the S-phase, DNA helicase, and DNA polymerase. (and free floating nucleotides.)
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what are the steps of DNA replication?
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1 strand is DNA, DNA helicase unwinds double helix and breaks H+ bonds, DNA polymerase connects free floating nucleotides to the correct base pair (A-T, G-C), 2 identical pieces of DNA are formed each containing an old and new strand.
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What does transcription do?
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makes RNA from DNA
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What does translation do?
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makes protein from RNA
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RNA is a _______ ____, and made up of subunits called __________.
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nucleic acid, nucleotides.
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What are the 3 types of RNA? What do they do?
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Messenger RNA (mRNA)brings info from DNA out of nucleus to the ribosomes, Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)uses instructions form mRNA to assemble amino acids, and Transfer RNA (tRNA)carries amino acids and delivers to the ribosome to be assembled.
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Transcription:
What, where, How? |
what: process by whichall types of RNA are made.
Where: nucleus. How: RNA polymerase which unwinds the DNA and then the free floating nucleotides come in and attatch to one of the sides. |
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Translation:
what, where and how? |
making protein from RNA, in the cytoplasm!, this is where every 3 bases code for an amino acid.
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3 differences between RNA and DNA
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1. uses different enzymes. 2. adds to only only one strand in RNA.
3. RNA adds U's instead of T's. |
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what are the sugars in RNA and DNA? (they are different)
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RNA- Ribose
DNA- Dioxyribose |
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what are the special bonds between neucleotides?
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hydrogen bonds
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