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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A chemical substance formed by the union of two or more atoms. |
Compound
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What is the smallest particle of a compound, That has all of the compounds properties??
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A Molecule
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Exsplain Isotopes
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Isotopes are the same element properties within an atom however they have a different number of nuetrons.
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Radioactive Isotopes are created though what process?
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Decaying which occurs when the outermost ring has an unstable amount of electrons
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What are the 3 three types of chemical bonds?
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Ionic
Covalent Polar and Non Polar Hydrogen Bonds |
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What is a Cation
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Positively charged particles through the loss of an electron
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What is an anion
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Negatively charged particles that become negative through gaining a electron
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When bonding occurs within atoms and they become compounds The elements that make up this compound are now called?
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Cations And anions because
1) To form the bond they needed a positive and negative charge 2)Cation is the positive charge for one of the two elements 3)anion is the negative charged element |
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WHAT IS DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS?
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When two molecules unite by losing water
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What is hydrolisys
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When a Molecule is broken and water is added
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What is oxidation
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A Reaction in which an atom or molecule loses an electron
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What is reduction
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A reaction in which a molecule or atom gains an electron
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What is anabolic
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Chemical reaction in whichlarge molecules are made from smaller ones
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What is catabolic
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Chemical reaction which large molecules are broken into smaller ones
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Exothermic
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Energy is released as chemical bonds are formed or broken
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Endothermic
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Energy must be supplied in order to form or break bonds
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Inorganic Compounds
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All of these lack Carbon.
Relatively small in number 100 of thousands |
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Salts
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All of these are ionic, All are soluble in water,
They conduct electricity because they disassociate |
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What is called the universal solvent?
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Water
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Organic Compunds
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All of these have carbon,
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Carbon is unique bonding to itself how?
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Covalently
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What elements have 4 Elevtrons in their outter ring?
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Only Carbon
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What is the symbol for carbon
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C
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What is the symbol for Hydrogen
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H
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What is the symbol for Oxygen
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O
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What is the symbol for Nitrogen
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N
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What is the symbol for Phospherous?
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P
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What is the symbol for Sulfur
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S
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What is the symbol for Calcium
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CA
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What is the symbol for Magnesium
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Mg
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What is the symbol for Sodium
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Na
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What is the symbol for Chlorine
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Cl
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What is the symbol for iron
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fe
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What is the symbol for Potassium
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K
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What are positively formed particles that have lost an electron
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Cation
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What are negatively charged particles because they have gained an electron
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Anion
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What are triglycerides
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Simplest form of Lipids which are fats
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Triglycerides are formed by?
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Dehydration synthesis?
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What makes isotopes radioactive?
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Decaying over a period time because of it instability
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Define Chemical Reactions?
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Chemical reactions are an attempt by an atom to form an out most complete orbit and become stable and unreactive.
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Define Compound?
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A chemical substance formed by the union of two or more atoms (same or different atoms)
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Define Molecule?
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The smallest particle of a compound that has all of the properties of the compound
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3 types of chemical bonds?
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Ionic
Covalent (polar-nonpolar) Hydrogen |
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Define Ionic Bonds?
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One atom gives electrons to another atom
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Define Covalent Bonds?
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Formed by the sharing of electrons
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What happens when covalent bonds are broken?
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Energy is released
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List chemical bonds from strongest to weakest?
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Covalent, Ionic, Hydrogen
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What is a common occurance from intermolecular attractions
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+ & - regions attracted to themselves causes them to fold and bend
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Define Exothermic?
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Energy is realesed as chemical bonds are formed or broken
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Define Reduction?
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Energy must be supplied in order to form or break bonds = eating
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Difference between Inorganic and Organic compounds?
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Carbon (is in all Organic Compounds)
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List 3 Characteristics of Salt?
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Ionic Compounds
Soluble in H2O Dissociate in water |
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Name 3 common salts?
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Sodium Chloride NaCl,
Calcium Chloride CaCl Iron ? FeSo |
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Acids and bases undergo Exchanges Reactions with each other forming_______?
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Salt and Water
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What is the reading for the highest acid on the ph scale and the highest alkaline and neutral
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0 is the most acid
7 is neutral 14 alkaline |
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Define Buffer?
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Inorganic or Organic compounds which prevent pH changes
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Most important organic compounds in living tissue?
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Lipids
Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic Acids |
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Define Triglycerides?, AND HOW ARE THEY FORMED
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Simplest lipids composed of Glycerol and 3 fatty acids'...
fORMED THROUGH DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS |