Biology Chemistry Notes

Front 1

A chemical substance formed by the union of two or more atoms.
The same or different is equal to what term?

Back 1

Compound

Front 2

What is the smallest particle of a compound, That has all of the compounds properties??

Back 2

A Molecule

Front 3

Exsplain Isotopes

Back 3

Isotopes are the same element properties within an atom however they have a different number of nuetrons.

Front 4

Radioactive Isotopes are created though what process?

Back 4

Decaying which occurs when the outermost ring has an unstable amount of electrons

Front 5

What are the 3 three types of chemical bonds?

Back 5

Ionic
Covalent Polar and Non Polar
Hydrogen Bonds

Front 6

What is a Cation

Back 6

Positively charged particles through the loss of an electron

Front 7

What is an anion

Back 7

Negatively charged particles that become negative through gaining a electron

Front 8

When bonding occurs within atoms and they become compounds The elements that make up this compound are now called?

Back 8

Cations And anions because
1) To form the bond they needed a positive and negative charge
2)Cation is the positive charge for one of the two elements
3)anion is the negative charged element

Front 9

WHAT IS DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS?

Back 9

When two molecules unite by losing water

Front 10

What is hydrolisys

Back 10

When a Molecule is broken and water is added

Front 11

What is oxidation

Back 11

A Reaction in which an atom or molecule loses an electron

Front 12

What is reduction

Back 12

A reaction in which a molecule or atom gains an electron

Front 13

What is anabolic

Back 13

Chemical reaction in whichlarge molecules are made from smaller ones

Front 14

What is catabolic

Back 14

Chemical reaction which large molecules are broken into smaller ones

Front 15

Exothermic

Back 15

Energy is released as chemical bonds are formed or broken

Front 16

Endothermic

Back 16

Energy must be supplied in order to form or break bonds

Front 17

Inorganic Compounds

Back 17

All of these lack Carbon.
Relatively small in number 100 of thousands

Front 18

Salts

Back 18

All of these are ionic, All are soluble in water,
They conduct electricity because they disassociate

Front 19

What is called the universal solvent?

Back 19

Water

Front 20

Organic Compunds

Back 20

All of these have carbon,

Front 21

Carbon is unique bonding to itself how?

Back 21

Covalently

Front 22

What elements have 4 Elevtrons in their outter ring?

Back 22

Only Carbon

Front 23

What is the symbol for carbon

Back 23

C

Front 24

What is the symbol for Hydrogen

Back 24

H

Front 25

What is the symbol for Oxygen

Back 25

O

Front 26

What is the symbol for Nitrogen

Back 26

N

Front 27

What is the symbol for Phospherous?

Back 27

P

Front 28

What is the symbol for Sulfur

Back 28

S

Front 29

What is the symbol for Calcium

Back 29

CA

Front 30

What is the symbol for Magnesium

Back 30

Mg

Front 31

What is the symbol for Sodium

Back 31

Na

Front 32

What is the symbol for Chlorine

Back 32

Cl

Front 33

What is the symbol for iron

Back 33

fe

Front 34

What is the symbol for Potassium

Back 34

K

Front 35

What are positively formed particles that have lost an electron

Back 35

Cation

Front 36

What are negatively charged particles because they have gained an electron

Back 36

Anion

Front 37

What are triglycerides

Back 37

Simplest form of Lipids which are fats

Front 38

Triglycerides are formed by?

Back 38

Dehydration synthesis?

Front 39

What makes isotopes radioactive?

Back 39

Decaying over a period time because of it instability

Front 40

Define Chemical Reactions?

Back 40

Chemical reactions are an attempt by an atom to form an out most complete orbit and become stable and unreactive.

Front 41

Define Compound?

Back 41

A chemical substance formed by the union of two or more atoms (same or different atoms)

Front 42

Define Molecule?

Back 42

The smallest particle of a compound that has all of the properties of the compound

Front 43

3 types of chemical bonds?

Back 43

Ionic
Covalent (polar-nonpolar)
Hydrogen

Front 44

Define Ionic Bonds?

Back 44

One atom gives electrons to another atom

Front 45

Define Covalent Bonds?

Back 45

Formed by the sharing of electrons

Front 46

What happens when covalent bonds are broken?

Back 46

Energy is released

Front 47

List chemical bonds from strongest to weakest?

Back 47

Covalent, Ionic, Hydrogen

Front 48

What is a common occurance from intermolecular attractions

Back 48

+ & - regions attracted to themselves causes them to fold and bend

Front 49

Define Exothermic?

Back 49

Energy is realesed as chemical bonds are formed or broken

Front 50

Define Reduction?

Back 50

Energy must be supplied in order to form or break bonds = eating

Front 51

Difference between Inorganic and Organic compounds?

Back 51

Carbon (is in all Organic Compounds)

Front 52

List 3 Characteristics of Salt?

Back 52

Ionic Compounds
Soluble in H2O
Dissociate in water

Front 53

Name 3 common salts?

Back 53

Sodium Chloride NaCl,
Calcium Chloride CaCl
Iron ? FeSo

Front 54

Acids and bases undergo Exchanges Reactions with each other forming_______?

Back 54

Salt and Water

Front 55

What is the reading for the highest acid on the ph scale and the highest alkaline and neutral

Back 55

0 is the most acid
7 is neutral
14 alkaline

Front 56

Define Buffer?

Back 56

Inorganic or Organic compounds which prevent pH changes

Front 57

Most important organic compounds in living tissue?

Back 57

Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids

Front 58

Define Triglycerides?, AND HOW ARE THEY FORMED

Back 58

Simplest lipids composed of Glycerol and 3 fatty acids'...
fORMED THROUGH DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS