Biology Chapter 4 Quiz

Front 1

What is the cell theory?

Back 1

All cells come from preexisting cells and organisms are all composed of cells.

Front 2

Are prokaryotic cells bigger or smaller than eukaryotic cells?

Back 2

Smaller

Front 3

Describe the structure of prokaryotic cells

Back 3

Often single cell, but can be found in chains or clusters, has a plasma membrane, has ribosomes and cell wall, flagella used for movement, and mesosomes (internal membrane)

Front 4

Describe the structure of eukaryotic cells

Back 4

Has organelles (such as nucleus, mitochondria, golgi app, and ribosomes)

Front 5

Describe the structure of the nucleus

Back 5

largest organelle, measures 5 um in diameter, enclosed in nuclear envelope, contains most of DNA, site of DNA duplication, determines when cells divide, controls cellular activities

Front 6

What does the outer membrane of the nucleus fold outward into?

Back 6

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Front 7

What do nuclear pores do?

Back 7

Connect interior of nucleus with cytoplasm

Front 8

What does the pore complex consist of?

Back 8

8 protein granules that surround nuclear pore

Front 9

What is the nuclear lamina?

Back 9

Protein meshwork ches to chromatin and nuclear envelope

Front 10

Describe the function of ribosomes

Back 10

site for protein sythesis, located in the nucleus, rough ER, mitochondria, and chloroplasts

Front 11

What is the function of the golgi apparatus?

Back 11

Like a post office, the golgi app receives proteins from ER and modifies them. THen are sorted, packaged, and sent to destinations

Front 12

What does the golgi apparatus consist of?

Back 12

cisternae

Front 13

What are the three parts of cisternae?

Back 13

cis (bottom closets to ER), trans (top closest to surface of cell), medial (middle)

Front 14

What is the function of lysosomes?

Back 14

In the golgi, they contain 40 digestive enzymes to break down macromolecules using hydrolysis (1 um in diameter)

Front 15

What is the function of mitochondria?

Back 15

Converts potential chemical energy into atp (only type of energy the cell can use)

Front 16

Are plastids produced in plant cells or animal cells?

Back 16

Plant cells

Front 17

What are the three types of plastids?

Back 17

Chloroplasts, Chromoplasts, Leucoplasts

Front 18

What does the interior of chloroplasts resemble?

Back 18

Pita bread

Front 19

What do chloroplasts consist of?

Back 19

grana

Front 20

What does grana consist of?

Back 20

Thylakoids

Front 21

What do thylakoids consist of?

Back 21

Light absorbing pigments such as chlorophyll and carotenoids

Front 22

What are grana suspended in?

Back 22

fluid called stroma

Front 23

What does stroma consist of?

Back 23

Ribosomes and DNA

Front 24

What are chromoplasts compromised of?

Back 24

Carotenoid pigments that give plants color

Front 25

What are leucoplasts used for?

Back 25

Storage unit for starches and fats

Front 26

What do peroxisomes do?

Back 26

Break down H2O2 (dangerous byproduct of cellular chemical reactions

Front 27

Are vacuoles found in plant or animal cells?

Back 27

Plant

Front 28

What are vacuoles used for?

Back 28

Toxic waste storage, turgor pressure for structure

Front 29

What are anthocyanis?

Back 29

Pigments (blue and pink) found in vacuoles

Front 30

What are contractile vacuoles used for in protists?

Back 30

Used in fresh water to remove water as the protist moves

Front 31

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

Back 31

Maintains shape and support, provides for movement, positionso rganelles, acts as a track for motor proteins

Front 32

What are microfilaments?

Back 32

single, bundles, or networks used to help the cell or parts of the cell move, determines and stabilizes cell shape

Front 33

What protein are microfilaments made of?

Back 33

Actin

Front 34

What is the function of intermediate filaments?

Back 34

stabilizes cell structure, resists tention

Front 35

What are desmosomes?

Back 35

Things that weld cells together

Front 36

What are cilia and flagella composed of?

Back 36

Microtubules

Front 37

What do cilia and flagellal do?

Back 37

push or pull cell through an aquatic environment

Front 38

What are microtubules made from?

Back 38

protein tubulin

Front 39

What are some characteristics of microtubules?

Back 39

hollow, form internal skeleton, serve as track for motor proteins

Front 40

Are centrioles found in prokaryotic cells?

Back 40

NO

Front 41

What are centrioles made up of?

Back 41

Bundle of microtubules

Front 42

What are centrioles used in?

Back 42

The formation of mitotic spindle

Front 43

What does the cell wall do?

Back 43

Supports and limits volume, acts as a barrier

Front 44

What is the extracellular matrix made from?

Back 44

Fibrous proteins- collagen

Front 45

What does extracellular matrix do?

Back 45

Holds cells together in tissues, physical properties of cartilage, skin, and other tissues