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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell cycle |
The sequence of stages through which a cell passes from one cell division to the next. |
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Mitosis |
A type of cell division in which a daughter cell receives the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. |
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Cytokinesis |
Divides the cytoplasm and its constituent organelles of the parent cell roughly equally between the daughter cells. |
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Interphase |
Time interval between nuclear divisions, marked by a period of rapid growth (G1), the duplication of chromosomes (synthesis or S), another period of growth (G2), and preparation for further divisions. |
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Chromatin |
The complex DNA and protein that make up chromosomes |
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Centromere |
The structure that holds chromatids together. |
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Sister chromatids |
A chromosomes and its duplicate, attached to one another by a centromere until separated during mitosis. |
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The Stages of Mitosis |
Early Prophase. Late Prophase. Metaphase. Anaphase. Telophase. |
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Early Prophase |
The chromosomes condense, becoming shorter and thicker. The centrioles move to opposite poles of the cell and spindle fibers start to form. |
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Late Prophase |
Chromosomes continue to condense. The centrioles assemble and spindle fibres attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes. The nuclear membrane starts to dissolve. |
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Metaphase |
Chromosomes line up at the Equatorial plate. The nuclear membrane completely dissolves. |
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Anaphase |
The centromeres divide and the resulting chromosomes, formerly chromatids, move to opposite poles of the cell. An identical set of chromosomes moves to each pole. |
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Telophase |
Chromosomes lengthen again. The spindle fibres dissolve. And a nuclear membrane forms around the chromosomes. |
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Meiosis |
Two-stage cell division in which the chromosome number of the parental cell is reduced by half. |
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Meiosis |
Two-stage cell division in which the chromosome number of the parental cell is reduced by half. |
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Haploid |
Refers to the number of chromosomes in a gamete. |
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Meiosis |
Two-stage cell division in which the chromosome number of the parental cell is reduced by half. |
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Haploid |
Refers to the number of chromosomes in a gamete. |
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Diploid |
Refers to twice the number of chromosomes in a gamete. |
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Meiosis |
Two-stage cell division in which the chromosome number of the parental cell is reduced by half. |
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Haploid |
Refers to the number of chromosomes in a gamete. |
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Diploid |
Refers to twice the number of chromosomes in a gamete. |
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Homologous chromosomes. |
Paired chromosomes similar in shape, size, gene arrangement, and gene information. |
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Meiosis |
Two-stage cell division in which the chromosome number of the parental cell is reduced by half. |
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Haploid |
Refers to the number of chromosomes in a gamete. |
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Diploid |
Refers to twice the number of chromosomes in a gamete. |
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Homologous chromosomes. |
Paired chromosomes similar in shape, size, gene arrangement, and gene information. |
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Tetrad |
A pair of homologous chromosomes, each with two chromatids. |
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Meiosis |
Two-stage cell division in which the chromosome number of the parental cell is reduced by half. |
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Haploid |
Refers to the number of chromosomes in a gamete. |
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Diploid |
Refers to twice the number of chromosomes in a gamete. |
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Homologous chromosomes. |
Paired chromosomes similar in shape, size, gene arrangement, and gene information. |
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Tetrad |
A pair of homologous chromosomes, each with two chromatids. |
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Synapsis |
The pairing of homologous chromosomes. |
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Crossing over |
The exchange of genetic material between two homologous chromosomes. |
