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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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transformation
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process in which one strain of bacteria appears to change into another one
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bacteriophage
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virus that infects and kills bacteria
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helix
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shape formed by each strand of DNA
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replication
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process in which DNA makes a copy of itself
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DNA polymerase
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the principal enzyme involved in DNA replication
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histone
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protein that DNA wraps around around in eukaryotic chromosomes
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promoter
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signal in DNA that indicates to enzymes where to bind to make RNA
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introns
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sections of RNA molecules that are removed before eukaryotic genes become functional
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codon
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three nucleotides that specify a single amino acid to be added to a polypeptide
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mutation
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a change in DNA sequence that sequence that affects genetic information
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expressed gene
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a group of genes that is operated together
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operon
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a gene that is transcribed into RNA
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A
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a purine base adenine found in DNA and RNA
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G
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a purine base guanine found in DNA and RNA
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C
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a pyrimidine base cytosine found in DNA and RNA
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T
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a pyrimidine base Thymine found only in DNA
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nucleotides
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a series of monomers . each has three parts : a deoxyribose molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
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base pairing
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is the principle that states that hydrogen bonds can form only between certain bases in DNA
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RNA
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can be considered a disposable copy of a segment of DNA
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