Biology Chapter 1-3 Test

Front 1

Scientific method

Back 1

Observation, question, hypothesis, experiment,& conclusion

Front 2

Variable

Back 2

Item in the experiment that changed or could be changed

Front 3

Control

Back 3

A comparative condition in an experiment

Front 4

Hierarchy of life

Back 4

Atom , molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system , organism, population, community,ecosystem ,& atmosphere

Front 5

Mimicry

Back 5

Similar enough to yield a benefit

Front 6

Protons

Back 6

Positively charged

Front 7

Electrons

Back 7

Negatively charged

Front 8

Neutrons

Back 8

Carry no charge

Front 9

One element , one atomic number

Back 9

Based on number of protons

Front 10

Isotopes

Back 10

Number of neutrons it possesses

Front 11

The covalent bond

Back 11

Atoms share one or more electrons

Front 12

Ionic bond

Back 12

Atoms lose and accept electrons from each other

Front 13

Each element is defined by

Back 13

The number of protons in its nucleus

Front 14

2 electrons

Back 14

Fill oxygen's first energy level

Front 15

8 electrons

Back 15

Fill all levels thereafter

Front 16

Law of conservation of mass

Back 16

Matter is neither created nor destroyed

Front 17

Electronegativity

Back 17

Atoms of different elements differ in their power to attract electrons

Front 18

Nonpolar covalent bond

Back 18

Electrons are shared equally

Front 19

Polar covalent bond

Back 19

Electrons are shared unequally

Front 20

Ionic bonding

Back 20

One atom loses one or more electrons to the other . Atoms whose number of electrons differs from their number of protons

Front 21

Hydrogen bonding

Back 21

Links hydrogen atom with an electronegative atom

Front 22

Water property

Back 22

Is a polar molecule,solvent that has its ability to form with other molecules & solid form of water (h20) is less dense than the liquid form

Front 23

Hydrophobic

Back 23

'Water fearing ' tending to repel or fail to mix with water

Front 24

Hydrophilic

Back 24

'' water loving ''Tendency to mix with ,dissolve in

Front 25

acids

Back 25

Yields hydrogen ions when put in aqueous solution

Front 26

Bases

Back 26

Any substance that accepts hydrogen ions in aqueous solution

Front 27

Nucleotide

Back 27

Building blocks of nucleus acids including DNA and RNA consisting of a phosphate group,a sugar,and a nitrogen containing base

Front 28

Nucleic acids

Back 28

-Polymers

-building block is composed of nucleotides

-composed of nucleotides that contain a sugar ,a phosphate group,& four containing bases

-DNA is a repository of genetic information

-encodes the info for the production of a huge array of proteins

Front 29

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Back 29

Transports the info encoded in DNA to the sites of protein synthesis structures called ribosomes

Front 30

Glycoproteins

Back 30

-Combination of carbohydrates and proteins and the receptors allow a cell to receive signals from outside itself

Front 31

Lipoproteins

Back 31

Biological molecules that are combinations of lipids and proteins.

LDL: (BAD REPUTATION)-carry cholesterol to outlying tissues,the heart

HDL:(GOOD REPUTATION)- carry cholesterol away

Front 32

What differentiates one amino acid from another

Back 32

Are the side-chains attached to the central carbon.

Front 33

Saturated fatty acid

Back 33

No double bonds between the carbon atoms of its hydrogen chain

Front 34

Saturated fatty acid

Back 34

No double bonds between the carbon atoms of its hydrogen chain

Front 35

Unsaturated fatty acid

Back 35

1 double bond ,and 2 or more double bonds

Front 36

Fatty acid

Back 36

A molecule found in many lipids that are composed of a hydrogen chain bonded to a carboxyl group

Front 37

Fatty acid

Back 37

A molecule found in many lipids that are composed of a hydrogen chain bonded to a carboxyl group

Front 38

Triglycerides

Back 38

A lipid molecule formed from 3FA bonded to glycerol

Front 39

Glycogen

Back 39

Nutrient storage form of carbohydrates in animals

Front 40

Glycogen

Back 40

Nutrient storage form of carbohydrates in animals

Front 41

Cellulose

Back 41

Rigid and dense structural carbohydrate found in cell walls

Front 42

Glycogen

Back 42

Nutrient storage form of carbohydrates in animals

Front 43

Cellulose

Back 43

Rigid and dense structural carbohydrate found in cell walls

Front 44

Starch

Back 44

Nutrient storage form of carbohydrates in plants

Front 45

Chitin

Back 45

A tough carbohydrate that forms the external skeleton of anthropods (insects,spiders )

Front 46

Polysaccharides

Back 46

Starch,glycogen,cellulose&chitin

Front 47

Carbohydrates

Back 47

-Monosaccharides-simple sugars,such as glucose,fructose,&deoxyribose

-Polysaccharides-linked to form larger carbohydrate polymers

-Disaccharides-2 glucose molecules bond to create Mattie's ,sucrose & lactose