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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acetyl CoA |
- coenzyme A joined by 2 Carbons |
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Oxidation |
the loss of electrons in a reaction |
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Aerobic Respiration |
-oxygen required metabolic pathway that breaks down sugars into ATP |
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Cellular Respiration |
-turns oxygen into carbon dioxide |
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Oxidative phophorylation |
-responsible for most ATP production - takes place in mitochondria inner membrane -uses electron transport chain -electrons give off energy little by little as they move through the electron transport chain |
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Reduction |
the gaining of electrons in a reaction |
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Anaerobic respiration |
-occurs in the absence of oxygen |
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Citric Acid (Krebs) Cycle |
-Cyclic pathway that along with acetyl CoA formation, breaks down pyruvate to carbon dioxide during aerobic respiration |
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Fermentation |
- harevest energy without oxygen -provides anaerobic way to recycle NADH into NADH+ without which glycolysis would stop |
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Pyruvate |
- 3 carbon end product of glycolysis - results from breaking down of glucose molecule |
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Substrate Level Phosphorylation |
-an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate to ATP |
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ATP |
-adenosine triphosphate -energy currency of the cell |
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Glycolysis |
-Glucose broken down into 2 Pyruvate molecules -2 ATP required -2 NADH, 4 ATP produced per glucose -produced by substrate level phosphorylation -no oxygen required |
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Mitochondria Structure |
-Outer membrane -heavily folded inner membrane -matrix -Cristae: folds in inner membrane -have their own DNA |
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Cellular Respiration equation, reactants, products |
C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP -reactants: glucose, oxygen gas -products: carbon dioxide, water, ATP |
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In cellular respiration what reactant is oxidized? Which is reduced? |
-glucose is oxidized -oxygen is reduced |
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3 Main stages of cellular respiration |
-Glycolysis: takes place in cytoplasm -Acetyl CoA Formation/ Krebs Cycle: takes place in mitochondria matrix -Oxidative Phosphorylation: Takes place in mitochondria inner membrane |
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Be familiar with NADH, FADH2, ATP and acetyl CoA. What are they and how do they function in cellular respiration? |
lj |
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At what stages are ATP, NADH and FADH2 produced and how many are produced in each stage? |
ihv |
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What is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration? |
-Oxygen is the final acceptor of electrons |
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The breaking down of one glucose molecule during cellular respiration yields about ______ ATP molecules. |
36-38 molecules |
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During what stage of cellular respiration are the most ATP produced? |
Oxidative Phosphorylation |
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What are the two types of Fermentation and what do they yield? |
-Alcohol Fermentaion: Pyruvate from glycolosis converted into ethanol -Lactic Acid Fermentation: electrons and hydrogen ions carried by NADH are transferred directly to pyruvate |
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Redox Reaction |
-Oxidation-reduction reaction in which one molecule accepts electrons from another molecule |
