Biology Ch 7

Front 1

Compound light microscopes

Back 1

Uses a series of lenses to magnify objects in steps

Front 2

Cell theory

Back 2

Made up of three ideas:

1. all organisms are composed of one or more cells.

2. the cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms.

3. all cells come from preexisting cells.

Front 3

Electron microscope

Back 3

Uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify structures up to 500000 times their actual size

Front 4

Organelles

Back 4

Most organelles are surrounded by membrane and each organelle has a specific function in the cell

Front 5

Prokaryote

Back 5

Mostly unicellular organisms such as bacteria that do not have membrane bound organelles

Front 6

Eukaryote

Back 6

Mostly multicellular organisms that have membrane-bound membrane-bound membrane-bound organelles

Front 7

Selective permeability

Back 7

A process in which membrane allows some molecules to pass through while keeping others out

Front 8

Plasma membrane

Back 8

The flexible boundary between the cell and its environment

Front 9

Phospholipid

Back 9

Has a glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acid chains, & a phosphate group

Front 10

Fluid mosaic model

Back 10

The model of the plasma membrane

Front 11

Transport proteins

Back 11

Move needed substances or waste materials through the plasma membrane

Front 12

Cell wall

Back 12

Fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provides additional support and protection

Front 13

Chromatin

Back 13

Strands of DNA

Front 14

Nucleolus

Back 14

Within the nucleus, makes ribosomes

Front 15

Ribosomes

Back 15

The sites where the cell produces proteins according to their directions of DNA

Front 16

Cytoplasm

Back 16

The clear gelatinous fluid inside a cell

Front 17

Endoplasmic reticulum

Back 17

The site of cellular chemical reactions

Front 18

Golgi apparatus

Back 18

Is a flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies the proteins. It sorts proteins in two packages and pack them into membrane bound structures called vesicles to be sent to the appropriate destination

Front 19

Vacuole

Back 19

Is used to store food, enzymes, and other materials needed by the cell

Front 20

Lysosomes

Back 20

Organelles that contain digestive enzymes

Front 21

Chloroplasts

Back 21

Cell organelles that capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy

Front 22

Plastids

Back 22

A type of organelle used for storage

Front 23

Chlorophyll

Back 23

The green pigment that traps light energy and gives leaves and stems their green color

Front 24

Mitochondria

Back 24

Membrane-bound organelles in plant and animal cells that transform energy for the cell

Front 25

Cytoskeleton

Back 25

Forms a framework for the cell like the skeleton that forms the framework for your body

Front 26

Microtubules

Back 26

Then hollow cylinder is it made of proteins that make part of the cytoskeleton

Front 27

Microfilaments

Back 27

Smaller solid protein fibers that are also part of the cytoskeleton

Front 28

Cilia

Back 28

short numerous projections that look like hairs on the surface of the cell

Front 29

Flagella

Back 29

Longer projections on the outside of a cell that move with the whip like motion