Biology Ch. 6

Front 1

Energy

Back 1

The capacity to bring about movement against an opposing force

Front 2

Potential Energy

Back 2

Stored energy

Hint 2

A rock perched precariously at the top of the hill

Front 3

Kinetic Energy

Back 3

Energy in motion

Hint 3

A rock tumbling down a hill

Front 4

Thermodynamics

Back 4

The study of energy

Front 5

First Law of Thermodynamics

Back 5

Energy is never created or destroyed, only transformed

Front 6

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Back 6

In yielding matter, matter goes from a more ordered state to a less ordered state

Front 7

Energy that is stored is __1__ energy, while energy in motion is __2__ energy.

Back 7

1. Potential

2. Kinetic

Front 8

The first law of Thermodynamics says that energy is never __1__ or __2__ but is only __3__.

Back 8

1. Created

2. Destroyed

3. Transformed

Front 9

The second law of Thermodynamics says that energy transfers always results in a greater amount of _____ in the universe.

Back 9

Disorder

Front 10

Whenever energy is transferred some of the original quantity is lost to _____.

Back 10

Heat

Hint 10

Chemical bonds in gasoline to the movement of a car's pistons.

Front 11

Exergonic Reactions

Back 11

The starting set of molecules contain more energy than the final set of molecules

Hint 11

Starches breaking down into sugars

Front 12

Endergonic Reactions

Back 12

Reactions in which the final set of molecules contain more energy than the starting set of molecules

Hint 12

Glucose molecules brought together to form glycogen

Front 13

Coupled Reaction

Back 13

A chemical reaction in which an exergonic reaction powers an endergonic reaction

Front 14

ATP

Back 14

Important energy transfer molecule in living things

Front 15

This item represents 1

Back 15

Phosphate groups

Front 16

This item represents 2

Back 16

Adenosine

Front 17

This item represents 3

Back 17

Ribose

Front 18

This item represents 4

Back 18

ATP

Front 19

This item represents 5

Back 19

Endergonic Reactions

Front 20

This item represents 6

Back 20

Exergonic Reactions

Front 21

This item represents 9

Back 21

Adenine

Front 22

This item represents 10

Back 22

ADP

Front 23

This item represents

Back 23

This item represents energy that can come from glucose

Front 24

This item represents

Back 24

This item represents energy that would come from ATP

Front 25

Coupled reactions combine an endergonic reaction, in which the __1__ have more energy than the __2__, and an exergonic reaction, in which the __3__ have more energy than the __4__.

Back 25

1. Products

2. Reactants

3. Reactants

4. Products

Front 26

The energy for most coupled reactions in the body is supplied by the molecule __1__, in particular by the splitting off of this molecule's third or outer __2__.

Back 26

1. ATP

2. Phosphate group

Front 27

After powering a reaction, ATP becomes the molecule __1__, which, with the addition of another __2__, becomes ATP once more.

Back 27

1. ADP

2. Phosphate group

Front 28

Enzyme

Back 28

A type of protein that accelerates a chemical reaction by lowering activation energy

Front 29

Substrate

Back 29

The substance that is worked on by an enzyme

Hint 29

Lactase/Lactose

Front 30

Metabolic Pathway

Back 30

A set of enzymatically controlled steps that results in the completion of a product or process in an organism

Front 31

Metabolism

Back 31

The sum of all the chemical reactions that a cell or larger organism carries out

Front 32

Activation Energy

Back 32

The energy required to initiate a chemical reaction

Front 33

Catalysts

Back 33

Substances that retain their original chemical composition while bringing about a change in a substrate

Front 34

Active Site

Back 34

The portion of an enzyme that binds with a substrate, thus helping transform it.

Front 35

Coenzymes

Back 35

Molecules other than amino acids that facilitate the work of enzymes by binding with them

Hint 35

B vitamins

Front 36

Competitive Inhibition

Back 36

A reduction in the activity of an enzyme by means of a compound other than the enzyme's usual substrate binding with it in its active site

Hint 36

Lipitor

Front 37

Allosteric Regulation

Back 37

The regulation of an enzyme's activity by means of a molecule binding to a site on the enzyme other than the active site

Front 38

An enzyme is a type of __1__ that __2__ a chemical reaction.

Back 38

1. Protein

2. Accelerates

Front 39

The substance that an enzyme works on is known as its _____.

Back 39

Substrate

Front 40

A metabolic pathway is a linked series of enzymatically controlled reactions in which the __1__ of one reaction becomes the __2__ for the next one.

Back 40

1. Product

2. Substrate

Front 41

Activation energy is the energy required to __1__ a chemical reaction. Enzyme's work by __2__ activation energy.

Back 41

1. Initiate

2. Lowering