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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Accessory Pigments |
-collectively harvest a wide range of additional light wavelengths for photosynthesis |
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Chloroplasts |
-organelle used for photosynthesis in plants and some protists |
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Electron Transport Phosphrylation |
process in which electron flow through electron transfer chains sets up a hydrogen ion gradient that drives ATP formation |
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Photoautotroph |
-make food using energy from the sun |
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Stroma |
-thick fluid in the inner compartment of chloroplasts |
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ATP synthase |
enzyme that creates ATP |
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Electromagnetic Spectrum |
-entire range of wavelengths -range of all types of electromagnetic radiation |
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Photosystem |
-cluster of pigments and proteins that initiate the light reactions by donating electrons to the electron transport chain |
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Ribulose Biphosphate |
we |
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Thylakoid |
-stacks of interconnected disks formed by the folds of the thylakoid membrane |
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Autotroph |
-self feeders -make food using energy from the environment and carbon from inorganic molecules |
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PGA |
-3 carbon molecule created in glycolysis which is produced in calvin cycle in photosynthesis |
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Carbon fixation |
carbon from inorganic molecule source gets incorporated into an organic molecule |
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Electron Transfer Chain |
-functions as a chemical machine that uses the energy released by the "fall of electrons" to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane |
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Light harvesting complex |
-circular arrays of chlorophyll, accessory pigments and protein molecules -capture light energy and bounce it towards photosystems |
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Rubisco enzyme |
-carbon-fixing enzyme in the carbon benson cycle -attatches oxygen to ribulose biphospahte |
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Chlorophyll |
-most common photosynthetic pigment in plants and protists -absorbs violet, red and orange light |
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Stomata |
-small opening for gases to enter the cell -Open stomata: allows CO2 to diffuse into tissue and oxtgen to diffuse into air -Closed Stomata: conserve water, limit CO2 availability, slow sugar synthesis |
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Overall Reaction for Photosynthesis -What are the reactants (substrates)? -What are the products? |
6CO2+6H2O---(light energy)---C6H12O6+6O2 reactants: carbon dioxide, water products: glucose, oxygen gas |
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Chloroplasts structure |
-2 outer membranes -stroma -thylakoid membrane -thylakoid |
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What reactant is produced is reduced in photosynthesis? Which is oxidized? |
-carbon dioxide is reduced -water is oxidized |
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What are the two main stages of photosynthesis and where they take place in the chloroplasts? |
-light dependent reaction -light independent reaction(Calvin-Benson Cycle) |
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what colors of light are absorbed by chlorophyll and why is chlorophyll green? |
-absorbs red, violet and orange light -because it reflects green light |
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What are the products of light reaction? |
-ATP -NADHP -O2 |
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What are the products of the Calvin Cycle? |
-ADP -NADP+ -sugars |
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When is oxygen produced and when is carbon dioxide reduced? |
r |
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Differences between photosystem I and photosystem II? |
f |
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Differences between C3, C4, and CAM plants? |
C3: uses only Calvin-Benson cycle to fix carbon C4: minimizes photorespiration by fixing carbon twice in two cell types CAM: conserve water by fixing carbon twice at different times if day |
