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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Why Cell size?
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cells surface area to volume ratio changes as cells get larger, the larger it gets the more that can get in and out making it uneven.
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surface area to volume ratio
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The cell cycle
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the cell division prevents the cell from becoming too large
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cells reproduce by?
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A cycle of growing and dividing
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there are 3 parts to the cell cycle
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Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
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the three steps of Interphase are ?
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first, G1, the cell grows and prepares to recreate the DNA
second, S, the cell copies its DNA in preparation for cell division third, G2, the cell prepares for division of the nucleus |
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Mitosis has 4 steps that are?
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prophase, metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
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Phrophase
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chromatin cells tighten, nuclear envelope (membrane) begins to disappear, spindle fibers attach to sister chromatics and to centrioles
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Metaphase
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sisters are pilled along the spindle apparatus towards the center of the cell, they line up in the middle of the cell
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Anaphase
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the spindle apparatus begin to shorten, sisters separate, the chromasames move towards the poles of the cell.
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Telophase
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the chromosomes move to the poles and begin to relax, the new nuear membranes begin to form. OPPOSITE OF PROPHASE. spindle apparatus (fibers and centroles) disassemble.
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Cytokinesis
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works with telophase to form the two new cells. wherever the splitting of the cells is preformed.
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Abnormal Cell cycle: Cancer
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the cancer is the uncontrollable growth and division of cells.
cancer cells can kill an organism by crowding out normal cells, resulting in loss of tissue function. environment factors can effect the occurrence of cancer cells |
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Stem cells are
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unspecialized cells that can develop into specialized cells when under the right conditions, they are undifferentiated cells, they start without a purpose.
there are two major groups of stem cells; Adult stem cells and Embryonic stem cells |
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Adult stem cells
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found in various tissues, they are all purpose cells, used to maintain and repair the same kind of tissue
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Embryonic Stem cells
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comes from embryos, After Fertilization, the resulting mass of cells divide repeatedly until there are about 100-150 cells.
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