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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction? |
ADVANTAGES only one parent needed large number of organisms made identical offspring simple DISADVANTAGES change will affect them weak |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of sexual reproduction? |
ADVANTAGES variety of different offsprings
DISADVANTAGES requires second parent more energy complex |
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Differences between Asexual and Sexual reproduction? |
ASEXUAL NO SEX CELLS PRODUCED NO FERTILISATION NO VARIATION SURVIVES IN STABLE ENVIRONMENT SEXUAL YES SEX CELLS YES FERTILISATION YES VARIATION CHANGING ENVIRONMENT
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What is the diploid? |
full number of chromosomes for a species (46) |
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What is haploid? |
half the number of chromosomes for a species (23) |
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What is a gamete? |
A reproductive cell (egg, sperm) |
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what is fertilisation? |
joining together of an egg and a sperm to make a zygote. |
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What is a zygote? |
fertilised egg
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what is the seminal vesicle? |
Squigly thing at the top |
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Where is sperm made? |
testes |
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Where is fluid added to sperm? |
GLANDS |
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Where are eggs made? |
Ovary |
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Where does fertilisation often take place? |
Oviduct |
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Where does baby develop? |
Uterus |
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What deposits sperm into females body? |
Penis |
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What is the scrotum? |
Sac in which the testes are kept because its just bellow body temp. for sperm production |
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What transfers the sperm |
Sperm duct |
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What carries the sperm out the body? |
urethra |
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What makes oestrogen and progesterone? |
Ovaries
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What do the oviducts do? |
Connect ovary to uterus |
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What is the cervix |
ring of muscle where vagina and uterus meet |
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What are the usual ages for puberty in girls and guys? |
11-14 GIRLS |
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What hormones cause puberty |
OESTROGEN TESTOSTERONE |
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Puberty changes in boys |
Sperm production Growth of sexual organs Hair growth Body mass increases Voice breaks Sexual drive develops
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Puberty changes in Girls |
Menstrual cycle begins Growth of sexual organs Hair growth Body Mass increases Sexual drive develop Boobs develop |
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In the menstrual cycle what happens on day 1-5 |
Menstruation |
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When is the egg released (ovulation) |
13-15 |
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How long is average cycle |
28 days |
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What hormone level changes on day 1 |
progesterone decreases |
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What is one effect of a high level of progesterone |
Maintains a thick lining |
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Name the stages of the menstrual cycle |
Stage 1: day 1 uterus lining breaks down Stage 2: day 4-14 the lining of the womb builds up again Stage 3: About day 14 an egg is developed then released Stage 4: from day 14-28 wall is maintained |
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What does oestrogen do in the menstrual cycle |
Causes lining to thicken and gr ow stimulates the release of an egg at about day 14 |
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How can you tell if a plant is insect pollinated or wind pollinated? |
Insect: large petals, colorful, outside style |
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Where are pollen grains produced |
anther and stamen |
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What happens to the ovary and ovule |
ovary turns into fruit ovule turns into seed |
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How is a wind pollinated flower adapted for pollination |
Exposed stamen and stigma to blow pollen and catch it
Feathery stigma to trap pollen
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How is an insect pollinated flower adapted for pollination |
sticky stigma so pollen grains attach large petals to attract bugs nectar to attract bugs larger grains to stick to bugs |
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What happens when fertilisation happens in plants. |
The pollen grain grows a tube which goes down to the ovary . then they fuse |
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What are the two ways of asexual reproduction |
Artiical: cuttings Natural: runners |
