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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skeleton that is located within an organism. |
endoskeleton |
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A series of many cell divisions. |
cleavage |
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An animal with a backbone. |
vertebrate |
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A body cavity that contains the internal organs. |
coelom |
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A hollow ball of cells that forms after many cell divisions. |
blastula |
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Skeleton that is located outside the body of an organism. |
exoskeleton |
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An organism in which the blastopore becomes the anus. |
deuterostome |
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An organism that obtains food by eating other organisms. |
heterotroph |
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Cavity that serves both digestive and circulatory purposes in an animal. |
gastrovascular cavity |
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Process by which a blastula begins to collapse and form a pocket. |
gastrulation |
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Rod-shaped supporting structure that forms along the “back” of an embryo. |
notochord |
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An animal without a backbone. |
invertebrate |
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An organism in which the blastopore becomes the mouth. |
protostome |
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The concentration of nerve tissue and sensory organs at the anterior end of an organism. |
cephalization |
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Type of egg that contains a large amount of yolk. |
amniotic egg |
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Extinct mammal-like reptile from which mammals most likely evolved. |
Therapsid |
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Skeleton that consists of a water-filled cavity. |
hydrostatic skeleton |
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Name 2 functions of the skeleton |
1. support body 2. aid in movement |
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Which system extracts energy and nutrients from food? |
digestive system |
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Which system removes wastes from cellular metabolism? |
excretory system |
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Which system carries information from the environment and coordinates responses& behavior? |
nervous system |
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Which system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide? |
respiratory system |
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Which system transports gases, nutrients and other substances within the body? |
circulatory system |
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Which system is responsible for the generation of gametes? |
reproductive system |
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Type of circulatory system that consists of a heart and closed vessels to circulate blood. |
closed circulatory system |
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Type of circulatory system that consists of a pumping chamber that distributes blood to tissues. The blood then diffuses back into the pumping chamber. |
open circulatory system |
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List 3 evolution trends of animals. |
1. complex body plans 2. true tissues 3. bilateral symmetry |
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List the 4 stages in early embryonic development of animals. |
1. zygote (fertilized egg) 2. 8 cell stage 3. blastula 4. gastrula |
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Explain differentiation of cells. |
after gastrulation, germ cells receive signals that make them become specialized cells such as skin cells, blood cells, nerve cells, etc. |
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Name two body characteristics that aid animals in flexibility and mobility. |
1. segmentation 2. jointed appendages |
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List 4 characteristics of chordates. |
1. dorsal nerve cord 2. notochord (embryo only) 3. pharyngeal pouches 4. postanal tail |
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Identify the two types of invertebrate chordates. |
1. tunicates 2. lancelets |
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Identify two evolutionary features of fishes. |
1. jaws 2. paired fins |
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Identify three evolutionary features of amphibians. |
1. lungs 2. strong limbs to support body 3. heart capable of delivering more oxygen |
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Identify two evolutionary features of reptiles. |
1. water-tight skin covered with scales 2. amniotic egg |
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Identify four evolutionary features of birds. |
1. feathers 2. hollow bones 3. wings 4. large breast muscles 5. large breast bone |
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Identify three evolutionary features of mammals. |
1. body hair 2. mammary glands 3. give birth to young alive |
