Biology 181 Chapter 7 Campbell

Front 1

plasma membrane

Back 1

structure that separates the living cell from it's non-living environment

Front 2

phospholipid bilayer

Back 2

controls trafic in and out of the cell

Front 3

integral protein

Back 3

TRANSmembrane with hydrophobic regions that span the hydrophobic interior of the membrane

Front 4

periferal protein

Back 4

proteins attached to the membrane surface

Front 5

integral protein functions

Back 5

transport, intercellular joining, enzymatic activity, signal transduction, attachment to the cytoskeleton and ECM

Front 6

selectively permeable

Back 6

property of biological membranes that allows some substances to cross more easily than others

Front 7

transport proteins

Back 7

integral membrane proteins (IMPs) that transport specific molecules or ions across biological membranes

Front 8

Diffusion

Back 8

action of molecules of any substance spreading out in available space

Front 9

concentration gradient

Back 9

difference in the concentration of molecules as compared between two areas in the solution

Front 10

net directional movement

Back 10

overall movement AWAY from an area of high concentration

Front 11

passive transport

Back 11

diffusion - no energy requires, due to random molecular movement

Front 12

osmosis

Back 12

diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane due to the differences of concentration of solutions on each side

Front 13

hypertonic

Back 13

solution that has a higher solute concentration than the solute concentration found inside of the cell

Front 14

hypotonic

Back 14

solution that has a lower solute concentration than the solute concentration found inside of the cell

Front 15

isotonic

Back 15

solution that has an equal solute concentration than the solute concentration found inside of the cell

Front 16

osmotic concentration

Back 16

total solute concentration of a solution

Front 17

osmotic pressure

Back 17

pressure exerted by water flowing into a hypertonic solution across a selectively permeable membrane

Front 18

reverse osmosis

Back 18

the reversal of osmosis by exerting more pressure on the hypertonic side of a selectively permeable membrane

Front 19

turgid

Back 19

swollen

Front 20

flaccid

Back 20

soft

Front 21

plasmolysed

Back 21

Shrinkage of the protoplasm away from the wall of a living plant or bacterial cell, caused by loss of water through osmosis

Front 22

facilitated diffusion

Back 22

diffusion of solutes across a membrane with the help of transport proteins

Front 23

aquaporin

Back 23

water protein channel

Front 24

active transport

Back 24

use of energy to transport a molecule through a transport protein agains the concentration gradient - requires ATP