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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A motor unit is comprised of a single _____ that acts on a set of _____.
a) motoneuron; muscle fibers b) motoneuron; muscles c) motor ganglion; muscle fibers d) motor ganglion; muscles |
a) motoneuron; muscle fibers
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The force of muscle contraction is sensed by _____ and the length of a muscle is sensed by _____.
a) golgi tendon organs; muscle fibers b) golgi tendon organs; muscle spindles c) muscle spindles; muscle fibers d) muscle spindles; golgi tendon organs |
b) golgi tendon organs; muscle spindles
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Motor neurons are located in the _____ of the spinal cord
a) ventral horn b) dorsal horn c) both of these d) neither of these |
a) ventral horn
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Type FF motor units are
a) slow to contract and have high resistance to fatigue b) fast contraction and have high resistance to fatigue c) fast contraction and fatigue quickly d) slow contraction and fatigue quickly |
c) fast contraction and fatigue quickly
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Which muscle memory sensory receptor is located at the junction of the muscle and the tendon?
a) golgi tendon organs b) muscle spindles c) cholinergic receptors d) none of these |
a) golgi tendon organs
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Which of these areas is activated during complex voluntary muscle movement?
a) primary sensorimotor areas b) premotor cortex c) supplementary motor area d) all of these |
d) all of these
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The output of the basal ganglia is predominantly
a) inhibitory b) excitatory c) dopaminergic d) noradrenergic |
a) inhibitory
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Which one of these is not a nucleus of the basal ganglia?
a) striatum b) globus pallidus c) preoptic area d) substantia nigra |
c) preoptic area
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The caudate nucleus and putamen comprise the
a) subthalamic nucleus b) globus pallidus c) preoptic area d) striatum |
d) striatum
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Medium-spiny neurons of the caudate and putamen receive inputs from the _____ and utilize _____ as their primary neurotransmitter
a) neocortex; GABA b) neocrotex; dopamine c) hypothalamus; GABA d) hypothalamus; dopamine |
a) neocortex; GABA
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The output of the subthalamic nucleus is
a) excitatory b) inhibitory c) dopaminergic d) cholinergic |
a) excitatory
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Striatal projections to the internal globus pallidus are _____ and the subthalamic nucleus projections to the internal globus pallidus are _____
a) inhibitory; dopaminergic b) inhibitory; glutamatergic c) excitatory; dopaminergic d) excitatory; glutamatergic |
b) inhibitory; glutamatergic
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Eye movements are mediated by which basal ganglia structure?
a) internal globus pallidus b) striatum c) substantia nigra par compacta d) substantia nigra pars retiuclate |
d) substantia nigra pars reticualte
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The Cerebellum is divided into which main organs?
a) cortex and deep nuclei b) cortex and folia c) deep nuclei and flocculonodular lobe d) none of these |
a) cortex and deep nuclei
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The direct pathway involves all of the following except
a) GPi b) GPe c) striatum d) thalamus |
b) GPe
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According to the motor learning model of the cerebellum, _____ input to the cerebellum controls _____
a) mossy fibers; synaptic plasticity b) mossy fibers; parallel fibers c) climbing fiber; synaptic plasticity d) climbing fiber; parallel fibers |
c) climbing fiber; synaptic plasticity
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Among the opsins which can be used to investigate the function of biological neural networks are _____, which excites neurons and _____ inhibits neurons
a) ChR2; C1V1 b) Haolrhodopsin; Channelrhodopsin c) Channelrhodopsin 1; Channelrhodopsin 2 d) Channelrhodopsin 1; Halorhodopsin |
d) Channelrhodopsin 1; Halorhodopsin
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