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226 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the function of the aorta? |
Main systemic trunk; |
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What forms the apex of the heart |
Tip of L Ventricle |
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On what structure does the apex of the heart rest? |
Diaphragm |
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Which direction is the apex of the heart tipped? |
Left |
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What are auricles? |
Wrinkled, pouch-like extensions of the atria that hold blood |
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What is the base of the heart? |
Posterior surface formed by atria; Top of heart |
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Where is the right coronary artery located? |
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What are the functions of the right coronary artery? |
Supplies O2 to myocardium; Supplies small branches to right atrium |
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What are the branches of the right coronary artery? |
--Marginal artery --Posterior interventricular artery |
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Where is the marginal artery? |
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What is the function of the marginal artery? |
Supplies O2 to myocardium; Supplies small branches to right ventricle |
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Where is the posterior interventricular artery located? |
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What is the function of the posterior interventricular artery? |
Supplies posterior ventricular walls w/ O2 |
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Where is the left coronary artery located? |
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What is the function of the left coronary artery? |
Supplies anterior ventricular walls with O2 |
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What are the main branches of the left coronary artery?
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--Anterior interventricular artery --Circumflex artery |
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Where is the anterior interventricular artery located? |
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What is the function of the anterior interventricular artery? |
Supplies anterior ventricular walls with O2 |
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Where is the circumflex artery located? |
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What are the functions of the circumflex artery? |
--Supplies O2 to left ventricular walls --Supplies O2 to left atrial walls |
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What are the main branches of the cardiac veins? |
-Great cardiac vein -Posterior vein (of left ventricle) -Middle cardiac vein -Small cardiac vein -Coronary sinus |
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What is Pulse Pressure formula? |
(SBP - DBP) |
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What is Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MABP) formula? |
DBP + 1/3*(SBP - DBP) |
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Where is the great cardiac vein located? |
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What is the function of the great cardiac vein? |
Drains areas supplied by left coronary artery (i.e., L/R ventricle, L atrium) of deoxygenated blood |
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Where is the posterior vein (of left ventricle)? |
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What is the function of the posterior vein (of left ventricle)? |
Returns deoxygenated blood from lateral wall of left ventricle |
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Where is the middle cardiac vein located? |
(in posterior interventricular sulcus) |
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What is the function of the middle cardiac vein? |
Drain deoxygenated blood from L & R Ventricle |
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Where is the small cardiac vein located? |
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What is the function of the small cardiac vein? |
Drains deoxygenated blood from R Atria & R Ventricle |
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Where is the coronary sinus located? |
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What is the function of the coronary sinus? |
Drains deoxygenated blood from all cardiac veins |
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What are baroreceptors? |
Receptors that detect changes in BP |
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Where are baroreceptors located? |
-Aortic arch -Carotid sinus |
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Where is the atrioventricular sulcus located? |
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Where is the inferior vena cava located? |
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What is the function of the inferior vena cava? |
Collects deoxygenated blood from body areas inferior to heart & returns it to Right Atrium |
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Where is the interventricular sulcus located? |
Located longitudinally b/w the Ventricles |
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Where is the ligamentum arteriosum located? |
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What does the ligamentum arteriosum develop from (in fetus)? |
Ductus arteriosus |
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What is the function of the ductus ateriosus in developing fetus? |
Diverts blood away from lungs & sends it directly to body |
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Where is the parietal pericardium located? |
(outermost layer of pericardial sac/pericardium) |
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What is the paricardial cavity? |
Space in between the parietal pericardium & the visceral pericardium containing serous fluid |
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What are the functions of pericardial (serous) fluid? |
-Lubricates -Reduces surface tension |
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What is the pericardial sac? |
Sac of fibrous tissue surrounding the heart & roots of the great blood vessels |
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Where does the pulmonary trunk originate? |
R ventricle |
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Where is the pulmonary trunk located? |
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What does the pulmonary trunk branch into? |
R & L pulmonary arteries |
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What is the function of the pulmonary trunk? |
Carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs |
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Where are the pulmonary veins located? |
(left pulmonary veins shown) |
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What is the function of pulmonary veins? |
Carry oxygenated blood to the heart from lungs |
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Where do the pulmonary veins drain? |
Left atrium |
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Where does blood enter the heart? |
R & L Atria |
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What is the function of the atria (collectively)? |
Blood collection chambers of heart |
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What is the function of the right ventricle? |
Pumps oxygen poor blood to lungs |
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What is the function of the left ventricle? |
Pumps oxygen rich blood to body tissues |
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Where is the superior vena cava located? |
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What is the function of the superior vena cava? |
Carries oxygen poor blood to heart from upper body parts: -Head -Arms -Upper body |
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What is another name for the visceral pericardium? |
Epicardium |
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Where is the visceral pericardium located? |
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What are the valves that separate the atria from the ventricles? |
atrioventricular valves |
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What is the valve that separates the R atria from the R ventricle? |
tricuspid valve |
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What is the valve that separates the L atria from the L ventricle? |
bicuspid (mitral) valve |
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What is the function of chordae tendineae? |
Cord-like tendons that connect papillary muscles to atrioventricular valves to prevent their prolapse |
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What are the functions of the semilunar valves? |
-Prevent backflow of blood from arteries to ventricles during ventricular diastole -Help maintain pressure in major arteries |
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Where is the pulmonary semilunar valve located? |
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Where is the aortic semilunar valve located? |
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Where is the sinoatrial (SA) node located? |
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What are the functions of the sinoatrial (SA) node? |
-"Pacemaker" of the heart -Where cardiac excitation begins |
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Where is the atrioventricular (AV) node located? |
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What is the function of the atrioventricular (AV) node? |
Delay impulses to ventricle |
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Where is the bundle of His located? |
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What is the function of the bundle of His? |
Conducts action potential (AP) from atria to ventricles |
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What is the function of the R & L bundle branches? |
Propagate action potential (AP) through interventricular septum towards apex of heart |
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Where are Purkinje fibers located? |
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What is the function of Purkinje fibers? |
Propagate action potential (AP) from apex of heart to remaining ventricular myocardium, causing ventricles to contract & push blood up towards semilunar valves |
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What is the function of papillary muscles? |
Pull on AV valves during ventricular systole to prevent prolapse |
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Where are the trabeculae carneae located? |
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What is the function of trabeculae carneae? |
Play role in electrical conduction |
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What are the pectinate muscles? |
Muscular ridges in anterior wall |
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Where is the myocardium located? |
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What is the myocardium? |
Muscular walls of heart |
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What is the function of the myocardium? |
Contraction/movement of blood |
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Where is the interventricular septum located? |
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Where is the endocardium located? |
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Where is the opening of the coronary sinus located? |
(inferior to tricuspid) |
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What is the function of the coronary sinus? |
Returns oxygen poor blood from heart to R atrium |
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Where is the fossa ovalis located? |
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What did the fossa ovalis develop from (in fetus)? |
foramen ovale |
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What is the function of the foramen ovale? |
Allow oxygenated blood from umbilical vein via the inferior vena cava to bypass the pulmonary circulation
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What is the function of the coronary arteries? |
Supply heart with oxygenated blood |
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Where do the coronary arteries begin? |
Base of ascending aorta |
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What are the functions of the fibrous skeleton/fibrous rings? |
-Provide structural integrity to valves -Provide electrical insulation between atria & ventricles |
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What are the openings into the R atrium? |
-Superior vena cava -Inferior vena cava -Coronary sinus |
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Where does the R atrium drain into? |
R ventricle (via tricuspid valve) |
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What are the openings into the L atrium? |
R & L pulmonary veins |
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Where does the L atrium drain into? |
L ventricle |
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What does the R ventricle pump blood through/out of? |
Pulmonary trunk (via pulmonary semilunar valve) |
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What does the L ventricle pump blood through/out of? |
Aorta (via aortic semilunar valve) |
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Trace a drop of blood from the superior vena cava to the capillaries of lungs. |
-Superior vena cava to... -R atrium thru... -Tricuspid valve to... -R ventricle thru... -Pulmonary trunk thru... -Pulmonary semilunar valve to... -Pulmonary trunk to... -R/L pulmonary arteries to... -Pulmonary arterioles to... -Pulmonary metarterioles to... -Capillaries of lungs |
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Trace a drop of blood from the capillaries of lungs to the R/L coronary arteries. |
-Capillaries of lungs to -Sm. venules to -Venules to -R/L pulmonary veins to -L atrium thru... -Tricuspid valve to... -L ventricle thru... -Aortic semilunar valve to... -Trunk of aorta to... -R/L coronary artery |
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What are the branches of the aorta? |
-R/L coronary arteries -Brachiocephalic artery -L common carotid artery -L subclavian artery |
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Where is the brachiocephalic artery located? |
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Where are the common carotid arteries? |
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What is this? |
Brachiocephalic trunk |
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What is this artery? |
Left common carotid |
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What are these arteries? |
R & L axillary arteries |
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What is this artery? |
L external carotid artery |
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What is this artery? |
Left brachial artery |
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What is this artery? |
R brachial artery |
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What is this artery? |
Right radial artery (thumb side) |
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What is this artery? |
R ulnar artery (pinky side) |
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What is this artery? |
Left common illiac artery |
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What is this artery? |
Right internal illiac artery |
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What is this artery? |
Right common illiac artery |
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What is this artery?
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Left common illiac artery |
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What is this artery? |
Left femoral artery |
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What is this artery? |
Left internal illiac artery |
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What is this artery? |
Left popliteal artery |
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What is this artery? |
Left posterior tibial artery |
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What is this artery? |
Right anterior tibial artery |
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What is this artery? |
Right fibular artery (lateral side) |
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What is this artery? |
Superficial temporal artery |
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What is this vein? |
R brachial vein (medial) |
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What is this vein? |
R cephalic vein (lateral) |
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What vein does the vein shown empty into? |
R axillary vein |
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What is this vein? |
R median cubital vein |
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What is this vein? |
R ulnar vein (pinky side) |
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What is this vein? |
R ulnar vein (pinky side) |
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What are these veins? |
R & L internal illiac veins |
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What is this vein? |
L common illiac vein |
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What is this vein? |
R external illiac vein |
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What is this vein? |
R femoral vein |
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What is this vein? |
L popliteal vein |
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What is this vein? |
R posterior tibial vein (medial) |
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What is this vein? |
R posterior tibial vein (medial) |
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What is this vein? |
R anterior tibial vein (lateral) |
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What is this vein? |
R fibular vein |
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What is this vein? |
R great saphenous vein |
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What is this vein? |
R small saphenous vein |
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What is this vein? |
R external jugular |
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What is this vein? |
L external jugular |
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What is this vein? |
L internal jugular |
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What is the vein in green? |
L internal jugular vein |
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What vein is this? |
R superficial temporal vein |
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Where does the superficial temporal vein drain into? |
External jugular |
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What is this? |
Thoracic aorta |
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What is this? |
Internal thoracic artery |
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What is this? |
Azygos vein |
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What is this? |
Hemiazygos vein |
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What is this? |
R internal thoracic vein |
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What is this? |
Anterior cerebral artery |
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What is this? |
Middle cerebral artery |
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What is this? |
Anterior communicating artery |
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What is this? |
Vertebral artery |
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What is this? |
Basilar artery |
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What is this? |
Posterior cerebral artery |
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What are these? |
Posterior communicating arteries |
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What is this? |
Superior sagittal sinus |
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What is this? |
Inferior sagittal sinus |
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What is highlighted in green? |
Straight sinus |
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What is highlighted in green? |
Transverse sinus |
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What is highlighted in green? |
sigmoid sinus |
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What is this? |
Cavernous sinus |
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What is this? |
Superior sagittal sinus |
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What is this? |
Inferior sagittal sinus |
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What is this? |
Straight sinus |
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What is this? |
Transverse sinus |
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What is this? |
Sigmoid sinus |
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What is this? |
Occipital sinus |
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What is this? |
Great cerebral vein |
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What is this? |
Internal jugular vein |
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What is this? |
Superior petrous sinus |
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What is this? |
Inferior petrous sinus |
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What is this (highlighted in yellow)? |
Celiac trunk |
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What is this (highlighted in yellow)? |
Common hepatic artery |
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What is this (highlighted in yellow)? |
Splenic artery |
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What is this (highlighted in yellow)? |
Gastric artery |
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What is this (highlighted in yellow)? |
Superior mesenteric |
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What is this (highlighted in yellow)? |
Inferior mesenteric artery |
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What is this (highlighted in yellow)? |
Gonadal arteries |
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What is this (highlighted in yellow)? |
Phrenic arteries |
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What is this? |
R renal artery |
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What is this? |
Hepatic proper artery |
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What is this? |
Splenic vein |
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What are these? |
Hepatic portal veins |
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What is this? |
Superior mesenteric vein |
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What is this? |
Inferior mesenteric vein |
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What is this? |
Gastroepiploic vein |
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What artery supplies the lateral surface of the frontal, parietal, & occipital lobes of cerebellum? |
Middle cerebral artery |
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What vein drains the lateral surface of the frontal, parietal, & occipital lobes of cerebellum? |
Superior sagittal sinus |
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What artery supplies the medial surface of the frontal & parietal lobes of cerebellum? |
Anterior cerebral artery |
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What vein drains the medial surface of the frontal & parietal lobes of cerebellum? |
Inferior sagittal sinus |
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What artery supplies the medial surface of occipital & temporal lobes of cerebellum? |
Posterior cerebral artery |
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What vein drains themedial surface of occipital & temporal lobes of cerebellum? |
Superior petrous sinus |
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What artery supplies the front of ear? |
Superficial temporal artery |
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What vein drainsthe front of ear? |
Superficial temporal vein |
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What artery supplies the back of thumb? |
Radial artery |
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What vein drains the back of thumb? |
Cephalic vein -or- Radial vein |
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What artery supplies the little finger? |
Ulnar artery |
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What vein drainsthe little finger? |
Basilic vein -or- Ulnar vein |
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What artery supplies the big toe? |
Anterior tibial artery |
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What vein drains the big toe? |
Great saphenous vein -or- Anterior tibial vein |
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What artery supplies the little toe? |
Posterior tibial artery |
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What vein drains the little toe? |
Small saphenous vein -or- Posterior tibial vein |
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What artery supplies the myocardium around anterior interventricular sulcus -or- anterior 1/2 of interventricular septum? |
Anterior interventricular artery |
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What vein drains the myocardium around anterior interventricular sulcus -or- anterior 1/2 of interventricular septum? |
Great cardiac vein (to coronary sinus) |
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What artery supplies the myocardium around posterior interventricular sulcus -or- posterior 1/2 of interventricular septum? |
Posterior interventricular artery |
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What vein drains the myocardium around posterior interventricular sulcus -or- posterior 1/2 of interventricular septum? |
Middle cardiac vein (to coronary sinus) |
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What artery supplies the intercostal muscles? |
Intercostal arteries (via aorta/thoracic artery) |
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What vein drains the intercostal muscles |
Intercostal vein (to internal thoracic) -or- Hemiazygos vein -or- Accessry hemiazygos vein -or- Azygos vein |
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What artery supplies the kidneys? |
Renal artery |
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What vein drains the kidneys? |
Renal veins |
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What artery supplies the liver? |
Hepatic artery -or- Hepatic portal artery |
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What vein drains the liver |
Hepatic vein |
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What artery supplies the spleen? |
Splenic artery |
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What vein drains the spleen? |
Splenic vein
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What artery supplies the superior most aspect of stomach? |
Left gastric artery |
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What vein drains the superior most aspect of stomach? |
Left gastric vein
-or- Hemiazygos vein |
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What artery supplies the small intestine and ascending/transverse colons? |
Superior mesenteric artery |
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What vein drains the small intestine and ascending/transverse colons? |
Superior mesenteric vein |
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What artery supplies the descending & sigmoid colons? |
Inferior mesenteric artery |
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What vein drains the descending & sigmoid colons? |
Inferior mesenteric vein |
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What artery supplies the ovary/testis? |
Ovarian or Testicular artery |
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What vein drains the ovary/testis |
Ovarian or Testicular vein |
