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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Carrier
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Someone who has one copy of a gene for a recessive trait. Carriers can pass the gene on to their offspring but do not express it themselves
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Chromosome
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A building block of the genome; chromosomes include genes, nucleotide sequences, and genes
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Dominant trait
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A trait that will appear, or be expressed, in an individual if he or she receives a single copy of a gene (from one parent)for this trait
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Gene
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The basic unit of heredity in a living organism
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Gene therapy
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Experimental therapy involving the insertion of genes into individuals to replace defective ones in order to treat or cure genetic diseases.
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Genome
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All the hereditary information encoded in the DNA of an organism
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Heterozygous
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A term used to describe an organism that inherited dissimilar copies of a gene responsible for a particular trait, If one of the genes is defective, a heterozygote may be a carrier for a genetic disease but will not usually suffer from the disease
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Homozygous
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A term used to describe an organism that inherited two similar copies (one form each parent) of a gene responsible for a particular trait. If both copies are defective, that organism may suffer from a genetic disease.
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Recessive trait
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A trait that requires a copy of a gene from both parents to be expressed in the offspring
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Reprogenetics
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A term coined to describe the merging of genetic technologies with reproductive ones. Many of the outcomes expected to result from reprogenetics have not yet been realised.
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Right to an open future
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An argument that is often used to place a limit on the exercise of parental autonomy when it comes to shaping their children. According to this argument, parents cannot shape their children in ways that will prevent them from choosing for themselves, when they grow up, how they want to live.
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Commodity
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A term used to describe goods and services that can legitimately be bought and sold in the marketplace. Many of the things we value most, such as love and friendship, are not commodities since they cannot be exchanged for money.
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Gamete
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A mature reproductive cell that can combine with another reproductive cell to produce an embryo. Male gametes = sperm. Female gametes = ova, eggs
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Genetic parent
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A person who has generated biological offspring
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Negative liberty
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A term describing a concept drawn from political philosophy, which holds that individuals are free to the extent that their actions are not interfered with by other individuals or by the institutions of the state
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Procreative liberty
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A term identifying an argument that draws on the concept of negative liberty to assert that individuals should be left free to make whatever reproductive choices seem best to them without the interference of others.
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Surrogate mother
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A woman who carries to term and gives birth to a child for someone else. Because assisted reproduction allows a women to give birth to a child who is not genetically related to her, surrogate mothers are termed genetic and gestational mothers when the child is genetically their own, and gestational mothers when the child is the genetic offspring of another woman.
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