Biochem Clinical List Final

Front 1

needed to hydroxylate proline for collagen synthesis

Back 1

Ascorbate (Vit C)

Front 2

needed to move around methyl groups and other rearrangements

Back 2

B12

Front 3

precursor to two molecules of vitamin A

Back 3

beta-carotene

Front 4

needed for carboxylation reactions

Back 4

Biotin

Front 5

needed for the transfer of single carbons (methyl, formal…)

Back 5

Folate B9

Front 6

needed for two major dehydrogenase enzymes

Back 6

Lipoate

Front 7

needed for synthesis of NAD+

Back 7

Niacin (B3)

Front 8

needed to make CoA and other similar molecules like ACP

Back 8

Pantothenic acid B5

Front 9

needed for transamination

Back 9

Pyridoxal phosphate (B6)

Front 10

needed for synthesis of FAD

Back 10

Riboflavin (B2)

Front 11

needed for aldehyde associated reactions

Back 11

Thiamine (B1)

Front 12

need to make retinol and other molecules

Back 12

Vitamin A

Front 13

fat soluble vitamin needed for calcium uptake

Back 13

Vitamin D

Front 14

fat soluble vitamin that functions as an antioxidant

Back 14

Vitamin E

Front 15

fat soluble vitamin needed for blood clotting

Back 15

Vitamin K

Front 16

site III inhibitor of the ETC

Back 16

antimycin A

Front 17

interferes with the use of phosphate glycolysis G13BP

Back 17

Arsenate poisoning

Front 18

binds to sulfurs on lipoate

Back 18

Arsenite poisoning

Front 19

prevents ATP from leaving mitochondria by blocking ADP/ATP antiporter

Back 19

atractyloside

Front 20

blocks the release of acetyl choline at the neuromuscular junction

Back 20

Botulinum toxin

Front 21

binds Fe+2 of hemoglobin, myoglobin and Site for of ETC

Back 21

Carbon Monoxide

Front 22

adenylates the G-alpha-s protein so it can't hydrolyse GTP inc cAMP

Back 22

Cholera toxin

Front 23

arrow poison

Back 23

Curare

Front 24

site IV inhibitor of the ETC on Fe+3

Back 24

cyanide

Front 25

uncoupling agent Site 4

Back 25

dinitrophenol

Front 26

suicide inhibitor of glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase

Back 26

Iodoacetate poisoning

Front 27

blocks the acetylcholinesterase, allowing acetylcholine levels to remain high

Back 27

Nerve Gas

Front 28

activates the N type of acetyl choline receptors

Back 28

Nicotine

Front 29

ATP synthase inhibitor in the mitochondria

Back 29

oligomycin

Front 30

arrow poison

Back 30

Ouabain

Front 31

adenylates the G-alpha-i protein so it can't bind GTP

Back 31

Pertussis toxin

Front 32

agonist for PKC cancer

Back 32

phorbol ester

Front 33

site I inhibitor of the ETC

Back 33

rotenone

Front 34

red tide na K

Back 34

Saxitoxin

Front 35

puffer fish Na K

Back 35

Tetrodotoxin

Front 36

substitutes for phosphate

Back 36

Vanadate

Front 37

needed for entry of FFA into mitochondria

Back 37

carnitine

Front 38

the electron carrier in the ETC between sites I and II, going to site III

Back 38

Co-Q

Front 39

indigestible carbohydrate

Back 39

dietary fiber

Front 40

glucose aminoglucose

Back 40

Glucosamine

Front 41

marker for past insulin levels

Back 41

C-peptide

Front 42

marker for past glucose levels

Back 42

HbA1c

Front 43

uptake of glucose, synthesis of glycogen, fat and protein

Back 43

insulin

Front 44

suicide inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX)

Back 44

Aspirin

Front 45

blocks epi/norepi receptors

Back 45

Beta-blocker

Front 46

one mechanism is to block cAMP phosphodiesterase

Back 46

Caffeine

Front 47

competitive inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX)

Back 47

Ibuprofen

Front 48

treatment of diabetes

Back 48

Insulin therapy

Front 49

used for lactose intolerance

Back 49

lactase supplements

Front 50

decomposes to nitric oxide

Back 50

Nitroglycerine therapy

Front 51

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug - inhibit COC

Back 51

NSAID

Front 52

pancreatic lipase inhibitor

Back 52

Orlistat

Front 53

cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Back 53

Sildenafil

Front 54

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Back 54

statins

Front 55

outward potassium channel blockers in the pancreas

Back 55

Sulfonylureas

Front 56

deficiency of liver aldolase - need for fructose and glucose metabolism

Back 56

Aldolase B deficiency

Front 57

Branching enzyme defect

Back 57

Anderson Disease AB vs CD

Front 58

microorganism that produces cholera toxin

Back 58

Cholera

Front 59

Debranching enzyme

Back 59

Cori Disease CD

Front 60

rare spontaneous refolding of the prion protein

Back 60

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Front 61

defective chloride ion channel

Back 61

cystic fibrosis

Front 62

fructokinase deficiency

Back 62

Essential fructosuria

Front 63

defect in the LDL receptors

Back 63

Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Front 64

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (G6PDD)

Back 64

Favism

Front 65

defect of fructose uptake in intestine

Back 65

Fructose Intolerance

Front 66

galactokinase or glucose/galactose epimerase

Back 66

Galactosemia

Front 67

lysosomal storage disorder, defective glucocerebrosidase

Back 67

Gaucher's disease

Front 68

defect of PPP, failure to produce NADPH, failure to protect from free radicals

Back 68

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (G6PDD)

Front 69

build of uric acid

Back 69

Gout

Front 70

desctruction of red blood cell membranes

Back 70

hemolytic anemia

Front 71

Liver Phosphorylase

Back 71

Hers Disease

Front 72

defect in the synthesis of mannose-6-phosphate on glycoproteins

Back 72

I-cell disease

Front 73

defective in recycling purine nucleotides, decrease in pyrimidines

Back 73

Immunodeficiency

Front 74

insulin producing pancreas tumor

Back 74

Insulinoma

Front 75

refolding of the prion protein due to injection of misfolded human prion

Back 75

Kuru

Front 76

lack of expression or defect in the enzyme lactase

Back 76

Lactose Intolerance

Front 77

autoimmune attack on the Ca channels on motor neurons of the neuromuscular junction

Back 77

Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome

Front 78

defective in recycling purine nucleotides, build of uric acid in brain

Back 78

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

Front 79

refolding of the prion protein due to ingestion of misfolded cow prion

Back 79

Mad Cow Disease

Front 80

inability to catabolize fatty acids of medium length

Back 80

MCAD

Front 81

Muscle Phosphorylase

Back 81

McArdle Disease

Front 82

pancreatic glucokinase deficiency

Back 82

MODY

Front 83

autoimmune attack on the N1 receptors in the neuromuscular junction

Back 83

Myasthenia gravis

Front 84

pellagra B3 pelle = skin; agra = sour headaches, confusion, and loss of appetite.

Back 84

Niacin deficiency

Front 85

lysosomal storage disorder

Back 85

Niemann-Pick disease

Front 86

can't digest starch

Back 86

Pancreatic Amylase Deficiency

Front 87

microorganism that produces Pertussis toxin

Back 87

Pertussis

Front 88

Lysosomal glucosidase

Back 88

Pompe Disease

Front 89

Vitamin D deficiency

Back 89

Rickets

Front 90

refolding of the prion protein due to ingestion of misfolded sheep prion

Back 90

Scrapie

Front 91

a val substituted for a glu at beta 6 of hemoglobin

Back 91

sickle cell anemia

Front 92

can't digest table sugar

Back 92

Sucrose-Isomaltase deficiency

Front 93

lysosomal storage disorder, defective hexamidase A

Back 93

Tay-Sachs disease

Front 94

inability to decarboxylate or rearrange, blocks non-oxidative PPP

Back 94

Thiamine Deficiency B1

Front 95

can't digest sugar found in mushroom, honey and shrimp

Back 95

Trehalase deficiency

Front 96

muscle PFK-1

Back 96

Type 7 GSD

Front 97

liver phosphorylase kinase

Back 97

Type 8 Glycogen Storage Disorder (GSD)

Front 98

pancreas fails to produce insulin

Back 98

Type I diabetes

Front 99

Glucose-6-phosphatase

Back 99

Von Gierke Disease

Front 100

high blood glucose

Back 100

Hyperglycemia

Front 101

build up of bilirubin in skin due to liver failure

Back 101

jaundice

Front 102

decrease in blood pH due to increased concentration of ketone bodies

Back 102

ketoacedosis

Front 103

iron of hemoglobin in Fe+3 state

Back 103

Methemoglobinemia

Front 104

indication of diabetes

Back 104

reducing sugar in urine

Front 105

Fake Fat

Back 105

Olestra

Front 106

bis phosphoglycerate

Back 106

BPG

Front 107

Sickle cell hemoglobin

Back 107

HbS