First Semester Bio Vocab

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Biology

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Study of life

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Control group

Back 2

group in an experiment or study that does not receive treatment by the researchers and is then used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do

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Controlled exparment

Back 3

test where the person conducting the test only changes one variable at a time in order to isolate the results

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Dependant variable

Back 4

Changes due to the independent variable

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Independent variable

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Changed by the scientist

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Homeostasis

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the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.

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Hypothesis

Back 7

A question the scientist is guessing

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Inference

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An educated guess

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Law

Back 9

is a statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspect of the universe

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Observation

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Something the scientist observes

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Qualitative

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Something described by observations

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Quantitative

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Something described by numbers

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Theory

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well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Such fact-supported

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Adhesion

Back 14

the action or process of adhering to a surface or object

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Amino acid

Back 15

a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group

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Atom

Back 16

The building blocks of everything in the universe

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Carbohydrate

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Group of organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually in the ratio of 1:2:1, hence the general formula: Cn (H2O)

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Catalyst

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Enzymes are soluble protein molecules that can speed up chemical reactions in cells. These reactions include respiration, photosynthesis and making new proteins. For this reason enzymes are sometim

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Chemical reaction

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A process in which one or more substances (reactants) are chemically changed into one or more new substances (products). Chemical changes may involve motion of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds

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Cohision

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sticking together of alike molecules, such as water molecule being attracted to another water molecule.

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Compound

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A material made up of two or more parts or elements

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Covalent bonds

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A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more electrons, especially pairs of electrons, between atom

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Electrons

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Negatively charged items inside of an atom

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Enzyme

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catalysts which speed up chemical reactions, but remain unchanged themselves

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Glycerol + fatty acids

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the reactant that gets catalyzed during an enzyme reaction

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Hydrogen bond

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a weak chemical bond between an electronegative atom, such as fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen, and a hydrogen atom bound to another electronegative atom

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Ionic bonds

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A chemical bond formed between two ions with opposite charges.

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Lipid

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Any of a large group of organic compounds that are oily to the touch and insoluble in water. Lipids include fatty acids, oils, waxes, sterols, and triglycerides. They are a source of stored energy and are a component of cell membranes

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Monomer

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A molecule (or compound) that consists of a single unit and can join with others in forming a dimer, trimer, or polymer

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Monosaccharide

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any of the class of sugars (e.g., glucose) that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar.

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Neutrons

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A non charged molecule inside of the nucleus if an atom

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Nucleic acid

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biopolymers, or large biomolecules, essential to all known forms of life. They are composed of monomers, which are nucleotides made of three components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

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Nucleotide

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a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.

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Polymer

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a substance that has a molecular structure consisting chiefly or entirely of a large number of similar units bonded together, e.g., many synthetic organic materials used as plastics and resins.

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Products

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a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction; "a product of lime and nitric acid" 3. ( cell biology) a cellular product is something "manufactured" by an organelle (such as the Golgi apparatus)

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Protien

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A molecule composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. It can be distinguished from fats and carbohydrates by containing nitrogen.

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Reactants

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React to the solute

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Solute

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Dissolves the solvent

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Solvent

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Dissolved by the solute

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Solution

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Comes out after the solvent goes into the solute

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Substrate

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a substance or layer that underlies something, or on which some process occurs, in particular