Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
cognitive mapping
|
allows organism to figure out spatial relationship of surroundings
|
|
|
associative learning
|
when organism learns to associate 2 stimuli
|
|
|
classical conditioning
|
associating stimuli with reward or punishment
|
|
|
operant conditioning
|
associating behavior with reward/punishment
|
|
|
where are protons & neutrons found?
|
nucleus
|
|
|
valence shell
|
outermost energy level is full
|
|
|
isotopes
|
atoms with varying amounts neutrons
|
|
|
are isotopes stable?
|
no & undergo radioactive decay
|
|
|
electronegativity
|
tendency of atom to attract electrons
|
|
|
electronegativity increases as one moves
|
up and right on table
|
|
|
covalent bonding
|
involves atoms sharing electrons in effort to fill their valnce shell. very strong atomic attraction
|
|
|
4 examples of covalent bonds
|
CH4, O2, H2, H2O
|
|
|
polar covalent bond
|
results in polar molecules. molecules with partially charged "poles". result of covalent bonds occurring between atom with high electroneg. & one with low electroneg.
|
|
|
non-polar covalent bond
|
covalent bond between atoms with little/no difference in electronegativity.
|
|
|
ionic bonding
|
electrical attraction between ions w/ opposite charges
|
|
|
cation
|
positive ion
|
|
|
anion
|
negative ion
|
|
|
hydrogen bonding
|
intermolecular attraction between polar covalent molecules
|
|
|
is water a polar molecule?
|
yes.
|
|
|
water is the result of _____________ between oxygen and hydrogen atoms
|
polar covalent bonds
|
|
|
cohesion
|
water molecules drawn towards each other
|
|
|
cohesion leads to......
|
surface tension
|
|
|
adhesion
|
water molecules are drawn toward charges or partial charges on other molecules
|
|
|
water has high specific heat. t or f?
|
true
|
|
|
specific heat
|
energy needed to in crease temp of 1g of material 1 degree C
|
|
|
water has high heat of vaporization. t or f?
|
true
|
|
|
what does it mean when water has high heat of vaporization?
|
high amount of heat energy required to get water to vaporize
|
|
|
water is less dense as a solid. t or f?
|
true
|
|
|
water is a versatile solvent. t or f?
|
true
|
|
|
what does it mean when water is a versatile solvent?
|
polar compounds dissolve in water
|
|
|
water molecules dissociate into....
|
H+ and OH-
|
|
|
acids
|
inreases relative H+ in solution
|
|
|
bases
|
reduces relative H+ of solution
|
|
|
buffers
|
molecules that allow substances to resist changes in pH
|
|
|
molecular function is directly tied to its shape. t or f?
|
true.
|
|
|
which would contain polar covalent bond? Cl2, NaCl, H2O, CH4, C6H12O6
|
H2O
|
