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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Gene pool |
All the genes of all the individuals in a population |
Independent genes |
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Formed by Specialized spore cases |
Sporangia |
Sponge |
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Similarities between plants and fungi |
1.eukaryotic cells 2.numerous organelles 3.multicellular (except yeast) 4. Have cell walls 5. Anchored in soil 6.stationary 7.reproduce sexually or asexually |
No hint |
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Hyphae |
Some Have A. Crosswalls B. No crosswalls |
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Gram positive (purple stain) |
Thicker cell walls but more susceptible to antibiotics |
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Aerobes |
Need lots of O2 |
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Anaerobes |
Can't survive without O2 |
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Bacteria: Disadvantages |
Cause disease by: feeding on flesh and producing toxins Food spoilage: multiple quickly in about 20 mins |
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Bacteria: Advantages |
Used to make: dairy products, cheese yogurt, vinegar, methane, acetane
Medical supplies : antibiotics, insulin, growth hormones, vaccines
Clean up industrial toxic waste by breaking them down into simpler compounds Recycle dead organisms Natural flora in small and large intestines which: help digest, make vitamin B and K Nitrogen fixation: convert nitrogen gas into nitrates in soil to fertilize it for plants |
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Slime capsule |
Gelatinous, moist, surrounding the cell wall Function: helps bacteria cling to surfaces, protects bacteria from: dehydration, linal attacks, attacks by phagocytes |
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Cell wall |
Rigid, composed of sugars and amino acids Function: protection |
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Cell membrane |
Flexible, semi permeable
Function: allows only certain substances in and out of cell
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Flagellum |
Long, whiplike structure, made of protein microtubules Function: propels bacteria through liquids |
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Ribosomes |
Tiny, dense, spherical bodies, floats in cytoplasm Function: makes protein |
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Chromosome |
Single circular strand of DNA Function: controls cells activities by coding for proteins needed for survival |
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Cytoplasm |
Gel like interior of cell, mostly water. Function: contains all substances cell needs and circulates them around cell |
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Plasmid |
Small extra loops of DNA Function: important in sexual reproduction |
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Lysogenic virus |
Can remain dormant for years Ex: aids |
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Oncoviruses |
Cause cell to become cancerous |
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Nanometres |
How viruses are measure |
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Virus transmits through... |
Blood to blood Semen and vaginal secretions Breast milk |
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Lytic cycle |
All DNA viruses reproduce this way |
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Lysogenic cycle |
Most RNA viruses use this cell |
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Morphological evidence |
Homologous: same bones but different functions Analogous: different bones but same functions |
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Embryological (developmental) evidence |
Early stages of embryodevelopment are similar in closely related species |
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Molecular DNA evidence |
DNA provides instructions needed to create all of the various proteins within an organism |
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Prokaryotic |
Tiny simple cells No true nucleus No organelles |
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Eukaryotic |
Larger complex cells Have a nucleus Numerous organelles |
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All kingdoms |
Eubacteria Archaebacteria Plantae Fungi Animalia Protista |
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Purpose of taxonomy |
To identify organisms To represent evolutionary relationships among them |
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Taxanomic system |
Developed by Carl Linnaeus |
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Levels of classification |
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species |
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