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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the hydrolysis of food inside vacuoles
-example -simplest digestive system |
intracellular digestion
paramecium |
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gastrovascular cavity has enzymes that digest food, remains leave hole through which they entered
-example? |
simple sac
-hydra, flatworm |
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digestive cavity of flatworm vs earthworm?
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-flatworm has one opening, cannot do things silmultaneously, nutrients come to cells by diffusion
-earthworm has two openings, food goes in one direction, complete digestive tract, circulatory system transports nutrients to cells |
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grasshopper digestive cavity
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complete digestive tract (alimentary canal)
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HDS: breakdown and digestion
-contains salivary glands |
mouth
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HDS: passageway
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pharynx
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HDS: moves food to stomach
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esophagus
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HDS: control over elimination
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rectum
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pathway of HDS
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mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus
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accessory organs of HDS
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salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
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how much food can be stored in stomach?
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2 liters
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mixture of ingested food and digestive juice in stomach
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chyme
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first 25 cm of small intestine
-what happens? |
duodenum
-chyme mixed with digestive juices from pancreas, liver and gallbladder |
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help absorption in small intestine by increasing surface area
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villi and microvili
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what is absorbed in small intestine?
-how are fats digested? |
carbohydrates, proteins so can be absorbed
-bile salts break up large fat droplets |
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functions of large intestine
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-reabsorb 90% of water, minerals reabsorbed into blood
-waste prepared for elimination -contains symbionts |
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accessory organs?
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liver, pancreas, gallbladder
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HDS: secretes bile for fat absorption
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liver
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HDS: store,concentrate bile from liver
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gallbladder
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HDS: a source of digestive enzymes, source of alkaline fluid
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pancreas
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begins digestion of carbs
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oral cavity
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begins digestion of proteins
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stomach
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begins digestion of nucleic acid and fats
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lumen of small intestine
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a lipid transport globule composed of fats mixed with cholesterol and coated with proteins
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chylomicron
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enzyme pathway in small intestine
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-chyme enters duodenum-secretion of secretin (bicarbonate) and cholecystokinin (digestive enzymes and bile)
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8 essential amino acids
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trytpophan, methionine, valine, threonine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine
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cells of the intestine actively transport glucose and most amino acids out of the gut lumen
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duh
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largest section of the vertebrate large intestine; functions in water absorption and formation of feces
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colon
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the blind pouch forming one branch of the large intestine
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cecum
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cells of the intestine actively transport glucose and most amino acids out of the gut lumen
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duh
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largest section of the vertebrate large intestine; functions in water absorption and formation of feces
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colon
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the blind pouch forming one branch of the large intestine
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cecum
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