Bio Exam 2 Circulatory System

Front 1

a circulatory system in which a fluid called hemolymph bathes the tissues and organs directly and there is no distinction between circulating fluid and interstitial fluid

Back 1

open circulatory system

Front 2

blood is confined to vessels and is kept separate from interstitial fluid

Back 2

closed circulatory system

Front 3

blood vessel that allows exchange between the blood and interstitial fluid

Back 3

capillary

Front 4

the branch of the circulatory system that supplies oxygenated blood to and carries deoxygenated blood away from organs and tissues throughout the body

Back 4

systemic circuit

Front 5

a circulatory system consisting of separate pulmonary and systemic circuits, in which blood passes through the heart after completing each circuit

Back 5

double circulation

Front 6

a central cavity within a single opening in the body of certain animals that functions in both the digestion and distribution of nutrients

Back 6

gastrovascular cavity

Front 7

the stage of the cardiac cycle in which a heart chamber contracts and pumps blood

Back 7

systole

Front 8

the stage of the cardiac cycle in which a heart chamber is relaxed and fills with blood

Back 8

diastole

Front 9

a region in the right atrium of the heart that sets the rate and timing at with all cardiac muscle cells contract

Back 9

sinoatrial node (pacemaker)

Front 10

region of specialized heart tissue between left and right atria where electrical impulses are delayed for about 0.1 second before spreading to both ventricles and causing them to contract

Back 10

atrioventricular node

Front 11

a system of vessels and nodes separate from the circulatory system that returns fluid, proteins, and cells to the blood

Back 11

lymphatic system

Front 12

filter lymph and contain cells that attack viruses and bacteria

Back 12

lymph node

Front 13

a pinched off cytoplasmic fragment of a specialized bone marrow cell.
-circulate in blood, clotting

Back 13

platelet

Front 14

what controls blood flow through each organ?

Back 14

arterioles

Front 15

3 functions of lymphatic system

Back 15

drainage, absorption, delivery of pathogens

Front 16

organisms with no circulatory system (gastrovascular cavity)

Back 16

cnidarians, planarians

Front 17

organisms with open circulatory systems

Back 17

insects, spiders, mollusks

Front 18

organisms with closed circulatory systems

Back 18

earthworm, squids, octopuses, vertebrates

Front 19

basics of circulatory system

Back 19

fluid, channels, pump

Front 20

fish circulatory system

Back 20

-two chamber, one circuit

Front 21

amphibian circulatory system

Back 21

3 chambered = two atria, one ventricle, two partially separate circuits, heart is not fully partitioned

Front 22

components of blood
-mostly?

Back 22

plasma, cells
-plasma

Front 23

components of plasma

Back 23

mostly water, proteins, ions, sugar, AAs, hormones vitamins gases

Front 24

components of cells in blood

Back 24

red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

Front 25

how do platelets work?

Back 25

injury to lining of vessel exposes connective tissue, platelet plug forms, fibrin clot formed from fibrinogen formed by prothrombin

Front 26

functions of human circulatory system

Back 26

transport of O2 and CO2
-distribution of nutrients
-transport of waste
-distribution of hormones
-regulation of body temperature
-protection of the body against blood loss
-protection of body against diseases

Front 27

thick walled, smooth muscle vessels
elastic

Back 27

arteries, arterioles

Front 28

thin single cell, endothelium

Back 28

capillaries

Front 29

thin walls, thin smooth muscle, one way valve

Back 29

veins/venules

Front 30

VEINS HAVE VALVES = ONE WAY FLOW

Back 30

GOT IT?

Front 31

direction of pulmonary circuit

Back 31

RV - lungs - LA - LV -

Front 32

direction of systemic circuit

Back 32

LV - rest of body - RA - RV

Front 33

most of blood goes to where?

Back 33

digestive tract, kidneys, all blood goes to lungs

Front 34

force for blood flow?

Back 34

contraction of ventricles

Front 35

young adult blood pressure
-systolic and diastolic
-in what vessel is blood pressure highest?

Back 35

systolic = 120 mmHg
diastolic = 80 mmHg
-arteries

Front 36

two organs in lymphatic system?

Back 36

thymus and spleen

Front 37

components of lymphatic fluid

Back 37

water, white blood cells, foreign matter

Front 38

cause for lymph flow?

Back 38

contraction of nearby muscles

Front 39

functions of lymphatic system

Back 39

removal of excess body tissue fluids
-transport of fats from small intestine to blood
-defense of body by exposing viruses, bacteria and cancer to white blood cells

Front 40

closing of valves between atria and ventricles sound

Back 40

lubb

Front 41

closing of valves between ventricles and arteries

Back 41

dubb

Front 42

period of contraction of heart ventricles, begins with lubb sound

Back 42

systole

Front 43

period of relaxation of heart ventricles, begins with dubb sound

Back 43

diastole